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Last updated 3:39 AM on 4/22/26
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40 Terms

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Anorexia

Lack of appetite

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Ascites

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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Borborygmus (plural: borborygmi)

Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid or both in the GI tract

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Dysphagia

Difficulty in swallowing

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Eructation

Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth

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Flatus

Gas expelled through the anus

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Hematochezia

Passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum

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Melena

Black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood

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Nausea

Unpleasant sensation in the stomach associated with a tendency to vomit

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Steatorrhea

Fat in the feces; frothy, foul smelling fecal matter

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Aphthous stomatitis

Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers

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Dental carries

Tooth decay

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Herpetic stomatitis

Inflammation of the mouth by infection with the herpes virus

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Oral leukoplakia

White plaques or patches

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Periodontal disease

Inflammation and degeneration of the gums, teeth and surrounding bone

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Achalasia

Failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax

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Esophageal cancer

Malignant tumor of the esophagus

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Esophageal varices

Swollen, varicose vein at the end of the lower esophagus

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Gastric carcinoma

Malignant tumor stomach lining often caused by the H. pylori infections

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach

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Peptic ulcer

Open sore or lesion pf the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum

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Hernia

Protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it

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Anal fistula

Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

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Colonic polyposis

Polyps protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon

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Colorectal cancer

Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both

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Crohn Disease

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

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Diverticulosis

Abnormal side pockets (outpouching) in the intestinal wall

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Dysentery

Painful, inflamed intestines

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Hemorrhoids

Swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region

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Ileus

Failure of the peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Inflammation of the colon and small intestine

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Intussusception

Telescoping of the intestine

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IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)

Group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension

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Jaundice (icterus)

Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by the bilirubin in the blood

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Ulcreative colitis

Chronic inflammation of the colon with the presence of ulcers

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Volvulus

Twisting of the intestines on itself

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Cirrhosis

Chronic degenerative disease of liver

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Pancreatic cancer

Malignant tumor of the pancreas

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Pancreatitis

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus

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Cholelithiasis

Gallstones in the gallbladder