Big 3 Exam

Milgram Study:
How many verbal prods can you remember?

1) Please go on

2) The experiment requires that you continue

3) It is absolutely essential that you continue

4) You have no other choice you must go on*

Milgram Study:
Is there a reason to a sequence of prods?

Yes, to start off as simple request but then with demand. To see if you will obey.

Milgram Study:
What type of study is this?

Controlled Observational study

-no structured observation

Milgram Study:
What kind of data collected?

They collected qualitative data and quantitative

Milgram Study:
what are the examples of qualitative (signs of stress) or quantitative (voltages)

Example (quantitative: 100% people went to 300 volts)

Example (qualitative: observing different levels of distress)

Milgram Study:
How did militia ensure the participants that the study was real

- They get a sample shock of 45 volts
Another is drawing lots

Milgram Study:
What is the sampling technique?

Volunteer Sampling

Milgram Study:
What was the study deception?

Told that study was about smth diffrent

Milgram Study:
What is min & max voltage?

15 & 450

Milgram Study:
What was written on the paper?

The slips both said "Teacher" so that the rigged drawing always forced the true participant into that role.

Milgram Study:
Give 2 characteristics of the machine?

It featured 30 lever switches labeled with specific voltage levels.

Graduated scale The machine was finished with a realistic silver plate and buzzers to look authentic.

Milgram Study:
What was written under the voltage?

Verbal descriptions were printed below the numbers, ranging from "Slight Shock" to "Danger: Severe Shock" and "XxX."

Milgram Study:
What were 2 things they observed as sign of stress?

Participants were observed trembling or sweating profusely throughout the procedure. Many subjects broke into fits of nervous laughter or experienced uncontrollable seizures.

Milgram Study:
How many participants (percentage) went to voltage 300 and how many went to 450?

100% of the participants continued the shocks up to the 300-volt level. 65% of the participants went all the way to the maximum 450-volt limit.

Milgram Study:
What voltage did Mr. Wallace pound on the wall?

The learner (Mr. Wallace) pounded on the wall specifically at 300 and 315 volts.

Milgram Study:
What does Mr. Wallace do 15–300 volts and 315–450?

From 15 to 300 volts, he provides predetermined wrong answers and eventually pounds on the wall. From 315 to 450 volts, he becomes completely silent and stops responding to any questions.

Pillivian Study:
What are the two conditions of the victim?

Drunk, ill

Pillivian Study:
What are the conditions of the model

Either help early (70 second) or late (150

Or

The model can be close or distant

Pillivian Study:
How can you tell the drunk victim is drunk?

Smells of alcohol, brown paper bag with bottle inside

Pillivian Study:
What do all the victims wear all the same things?

Slacks and an Eisenhower jacket (same jacket)

Pillivian Study:

Every time the researchers do a trial, they go in. How many are there

A team of 4, 2 female observers and 2 men, either played the role of victim or model

Pillivian Study:
Where are they observing?

Critical area (down) or adjacent area (next to it/there)

Pillivian Study:
What is a weakness in the way the observation was done?

Intereliability – they are observing different things

Pillivian Study:
Define bystander effect

In an emergency, the more people are present the less likely it is for ONE person to help

Pillivian Study:
Bystander effect (Because) That is explained by what?

Because they (Diffuse responsibility )

Pillivian Study:
What are the two variables that female observing for?

-Time of respond
- How quickly would they help
- gender and race

Pillivian Study:
What is one thing they observed as a result?

They found males were the largest helpers; they gain a sense of pride and authority. In ACR
the cost is that see the event happening before them arousing their adrenaline, and then making them realise the cost of what happens to them if they do nothing as everyone is watching, which, once helping it helps them feel a sense of pride

Pillivian Study:
What does the acr model mean?

arousal cost reward

Perry Study:
What are the 4 zones of interpersonal distance?

-intimate

-everday

- formal

-public

Perry Study:
What is the aim of Perry?
- four different terms for aim

They are investigating the differential effect of OT on the interpersonal distance based on empathy level (IRI).

Perry Study:
What are the 4 conditions for task 1?

Authortity figure

Stranger

Friend

Ball

Perry Study:
What is the differential effect?

When everyone give the same stimulus and expecting a differential effect of oxytocin

Perry Study:
What is the design of the study?

Repeated measures or independent measures

Perry Study:
What was repeated?

OT and placebo and everyone did the task

For independent measure

Empathy level

Perry Study:
What was counterbalanced

The participants took both solutions (oxytocin and placebo) and did both tasks, but the researchers swapped the order for different groups.