IELTS Reading "The Adolescents" (Thanh thiếu niên)

intellectual (adj / n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˌɪn.təlˈek.tʃu.əl/
🎯 Nghĩa: Thuộc trí tuệ, trí óc / Người trí thức.
📝 ex: Adolescence is a period of rapid physical and intellectual development.
🔄 Synonyms: mental, cognitive, cerebral
❌ Antonyms: physical, manual, ignorant
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: intellect (n), intellectually (adv)v

suddenly (adv)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈsʌd.ən.li/
🎯 Nghĩa: Một cách đột ngột, bất thình lình.
📝 ex: Teenagers may suddenly change their moods or behavior due to hormonal shifts. 🔄 Synonyms: abruptly, unexpectedly, swiftly
❌ Antonyms: gradually, slowly, predictably
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: sudden (adj), suddenness (n)

Delinquency (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /dɪˈlɪŋ.kwən.si/
🎯 Nghĩa: Sự phạm pháp, hành vi phạm tội (thường dùng cho thanh thiếu niên - juvenile delinquency).
📝 ex: Lack of parental supervision is often linked to an increase in juvenile delinquency. 🔄 Synonyms: crime, criminality, wrongdoing, misbehavior
❌ Antonyms: obedience, compliance, good behavior
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: delinquent (adj / n)

impulsiveness (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ɪmˈpʌl.sɪv.nəs/
🎯 Nghĩa: Sự bốc đồng, tính hấp tấp.
📝 ex: The impulsiveness of youth can sometimes lead to risky or dangerous decisions. 🔄 Synonyms: recklessness, rashness, spontaneity
❌ Antonyms: caution, deliberation, carefulness
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: impulse (n), impulsive (adj), impulsively (adv)

vocational (adj)

🔤 Phiên âm: /vəʊˈkeɪ.ʃən.əl/
🎯 Nghĩa: Thuộc về nghề nghiệp, hướng nghiệp.
📝 ex: Schools should provide more vocational training to prepare adolescents for the workforce.
🔄 Synonyms: occupational, professional, career-oriented
❌ Antonyms: academic, theoretical
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: vocation (n), vocationally (adv)

Puberty (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈpjuː.bə.ti/
🎯 Nghĩa: Tuổi dậy thì.
📝 ex: Puberty brings about significant physical and emotional changes in a young person's life.
🔄 Synonyms: adolescence, teenage years, coming of age
❌ Antonyms: childhood, infancy
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: pubertal (adj), pubescent (adj)

accentuation (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /əkˌsen.tʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/
🎯 Nghĩa: Sự nhấn mạnh, sự làm nổi bật.
📝 ex: The psychological changes during this period often lead to an accentuation of their emotional reactions.
🔄 Synonyms: emphasis, highlighting, stressing
❌ Antonyms: minimization, understatement
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: accentuate (v)

dominated (v-ed / adj)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈdɒm.ɪ.neɪ.tɪd/
🎯 Nghĩa: Bị chi phối, bị áp đảo, bị thống trị.
📝 ex: An adolescent's social life is often dominated by their desire to fit in with their peers.
🔄 Synonyms: controlled, governed, ruled
❌ Antonyms: liberated, freed, independent
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: dominate (v), domination (n), dominant (adj)

constrained (v-ed / adj)

🔤 Phiên âm: /kənˈstreɪnd/
🎯 Nghĩa: Bị gò bó, bị ép buộc, bị hạn chế.
📝 ex: Teenagers often feel constrained by the strict rules set by their parents and schools.
🔄 Synonyms: restricted, limited, forced
❌ Antonyms: free, liberated, loose
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: constrain (v), constraint (n)

abstractions (n - plural)

🔤 Phiên âm: /æbˈstræk.ʃənz/
🎯 Nghĩa: Sự trừu tượng, những khái niệm trừu tượng.
📝 ex: Cognitive development allows older adolescents to grasp complex mathematical abstractions and moral theories.
🔄 Synonyms: concepts, theories, ideas
❌ Antonyms: facts, realities, concrete things
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: abstract (adj / n), abstractly (adv)

reconcile (v)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈrek.ən.saɪl/
🎯 Nghĩa: Hòa giải, làm cho hòa hợp, dung hòa.
📝 ex: It can be difficult for young people to reconcile their desire for independence with their need for family support.
🔄 Synonyms: harmonize, settle, resolve, reunite
❌ Antonyms: alienate, separate, clash
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: reconciliation (n), reconcilable (adj)

hostility (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /hɒsˈtɪl.ə.ti/
🎯 Nghĩa: Sự thù địch, thái độ chống đối.
📝 ex: Feeling misunderstood, adolescents may sometimes show hostility towards authority figures.
🔄 Synonyms: enmity, aggression, unfriendliness, hatred
❌ Antonyms: friendliness, peace, goodwill, sympathy
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: hostile (a