Localized Brain Damage

Systems Neuroscience

Study of neural circuits in terms of their functions, involving many neurons and multiple brain regions.

Agnosia

Inability to process sensory information not due to a sensory defect, often resulting from brain damage.

Scotoma

Loss of conscious visual perceptions due to brain damage, where the brain can fill in the missing visual information.

Blindsight

Ability of individuals with loss of conscious vision to guess the direction of moving objects in their blind spot.

Prosopagnosia

Selective impairment in facial recognition due to damage around the fusiform face area in the brain.

Hemispatial Neglect

Deficit in awareness and attention for one side of the visual space, often caused by damage in the parietal cortex.

Executive Function

Cognitive abilities related to planning, decision-making, and impulse control, often impaired with frontal lobe damage.

Anterograde Amnesia

Inability to form new long-term memories, often seen with hippocampal damage.

Aphasia

Specific impairments in language comprehension or production due to localized cortical damage, such as Broca's or Wernicke's area.

Plasticity

Ability of the brain to reorganize and adapt, leading to improvements over time in cognitive functions post-injury or damage.