ADHD and Sensory Processing Disorder

ADHD

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, a chronic condition characterized by attention limitation, over activity, and impulsive behaviors.

Symptoms of ADHD

Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

ADHD Diagnostic Criteria

Symptoms must be present before age 12, impact function in more than one setting, and include 5-6 symptoms.

Etiology of ADHD

A mix of genetics and environmental factors; likely to be passed on by family, influenced by low birth weight and stress during pregnancy.

Prevalence of ADHD in U.S.

7 million children ages 3-17 have been diagnosed, representing 11.4%.

Signs of Inattention in ADHD

Lack of concentration, forgetfulness, trouble following through on tasks.

ADHD Hyperactivity Symptoms

Fidgets, struggles to stay seated, talks excessively.

ADHD Co-morbidities

Includes learning disorders, anxiety, depression, and motor disorders.

Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)

Neurological disorder affecting the brain’s ability to organize sensory stimuli.

Symptoms of SPD

Overly or under sensitive to sensory stimuli, constant movement, difficulty in social interactions.

Medical Management for ADHD

Includes stimulants like methylphenidate, counseling, education, and CBT.

Impact of SPD on Occupational Performance

Makes it difficult to participate in activities due to sensory overstimulation.