Activity 5A: Genetic Basis of Adaptation & Hardy Weinberg

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

condition in which a population's allele frequencies for a given trait do not change from generation to generation

Hardy-Weinberg equation

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

Genetic Drift

random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations

gene flow

movement of alleles from one population to another

Mutation

A change in a gene or chromosome. (DNA)

natural selection

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.

allelic frequencies

The proportion of different alleles in the population (regardless of genotype)

Heterzygous

having two different alleles for a trait

homozygous recessive

Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and recessive (aa)

homozygous dominant

Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and dominant (AA)

genotypic frequencies

The proportion of different genotypes in the population