i want to cry

Lusitania

a British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915. 128 Americans died. The unrestricted submarine warfare caused the U.S. to enter World War I against the Germans.

Sussex pledge

the German government signed the Pledge, promising to stop the indiscriminate sinking of non-military ships. merchant ships would be searched, and sunk only if they were found to be carrying contraband materials

Zimmerman Telegram

Telegram intercepted by Britain between Germany and Mexico. Germany agreed to give Mexico it’s territories in America back in return for joining the central powers.

Fourteen Points

the war aims outlined by President Wilson in 1918, which he believed would promote lasting peace; called for self-determination, freedom of the seas, free trade, end to secret agreements, reduction of arms and a league of nations

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty imposed on Germany by France, Great Britain, the United States, and other Allied Powers after World War I. Mentioned the entering of the League of Nations

League of Nations

Created by President Wilson, it was formed to prevent a repetition of the First World War. Ultimately, the US disagreed on the terms of the League, and never joined.

Irreconcilables

Completely rejected the League of Nations

Reservationalists

Led by Henry Cabot Lodge, agreed to the League if reservations were added

Henry Cabot Lodge

a Republican who disagreed with the Versailles Treaty, mostly disagreed with the section that called for the League to protect a member who was being threatened.

William Borah

Republican senator Borah from Idaho headed the "irreconcilables," who, as isolationists, refused to support U.S. membership in the League of Nations.

Food administration

Took measures to conserve food and encouraged Americans to eat less.

Committee on Public Information

A government office during WWI and was dedicated to winning everyday Americans' support for the war effort through arts

George Creel

Journalist who was responsible for selling America on WWI and was head of the Committee on Public Information.

Espionage Act

made it a crime to obstruct military recruitment, to encourage mutiny, or to aid the enemy by spreading lies.

Sedition Act

Even stricter than Espionage Act, prohibited disloyal or abusive remarks about the government

Schenck v. US

that the freedom of speech protection afforded in the U.S. Constitution's First Amendment could be restricted if the words spoken or printed represented to society a “clear and present danger.”

Great Migration

the widespread migration of millions of African Americans from the South to the North and West during the 20thcentury

Red Scare

Anti-Communist hysteria

Palmer Raids

a series of government actions against suspected radicals, anarchists, and communists commenced in 1919 by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. The raids ignored the constitutional safeguards guaranteed citizens by the Constitution and jailed many people innocent of any crime or intent.

Henry Ford

creator of the assembly line and controlled the automobile industry

Charles Lindbergh

an American aviator, made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean on May 20-21 1927

Scopes Trial

a highly publicized trial where John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school. Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later. Displayed the fundamentalism prevalent in rural areas at the time

Sacco and Vanzetti

Sacco and Vanzetti were two Italian immigrants convicted for a crime with very little evidence. Sacco and Vanzetti's guilty verdict reflected the anti-immigrant and anti-radical attitude of American citizens, being sentenced to death only because they were anarchists & of italian origin. Worldwide protests happened as a result.

Immigration Act

limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota.

Ku Klux Klan

major rebirth in 1920s. (mainly b/c they were unhappy w/ the changing of American culture.) \n the "new" klan was anti-.. foreign, catholic, black, jewish, pacifist, cotlegger, gambling, communist, adultry, birth control, internationalist, and evolutionist.

Birth of a Nation

A dramatic silent film from 1915 about the South during and after the Civil War.

Lost Generation

the social generational cohort in the Western world that was in early adulthood during World War I. Fled to Paris

Harlem Renaissance

a cultural explosion of African Americans music, art and literature in the early 20thcentury, roughly from the 1910's through the mid-1930's. Centered in the area of New York City known as Harlem, black musicians and artists brought forth both the tunes and tones of African American heritage.

Langston Hughes

A leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance who described the rich culture of african American life using rhythms influenced by jazz music.

Marcus Garvey

charismatic Black leader who organized the first important American Black nationalist movement (1919–26), based in New York City's Harlem.

Teapot Dome Scandal

one of the most extreme examples of government corruption in United States history. The issue revolved around oil rich lands at Tea Pot Dome, Wyoming and Elk Hills California that had been set aside by the government for use by the U.S. Navy as emergency reserves

Flappers

carefree young women with short, "bobbed" hair, heavy makeup, and short skirts.

Speakeasies

An illegal bar where drinks were sold, during the time of prohibition. It was called a Speakeasy because people literally had to speak easy so they were not caught drinking alcohol by the police.

Bootleggers

Smugglers of illegal alcohol during the Prohibition era.