Structures of Brain and Cranial Nerves

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Last updated 7:00 PM on 6/5/26
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52 Terms

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Cerebrum

<p></p>
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Hemispheres (R & L)

Right and left halves of the brain, as separated by the longitudinal fissure

<p>Right and left halves of the brain, as separated by the longitudinal fissure</p>
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Longitudinal fissure

Separates the right and left halves of the brain

<p>Separates the right and left halves of the brain</p>
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Sulci

"Valleys" grooves in the cerebral cortex

<p>"Valleys" grooves in the cerebral cortex</p>
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Central sulcus

Separates frontal and parietal lobes

<p>Separates frontal and parietal lobes</p>
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Lateral sulcus

Separates temporal lobe from parietal and frontal lobes

<p>Separates temporal lobe from parietal and frontal lobes</p>
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Gyri (singular: gyrus)

"Hills" prominent folds/ridges on surface of cerebrum

<p>"Hills" prominent folds/ridges on surface of cerebrum</p>
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Frontal lobe

The lobe at the anterior part of the brain, associated with movement, speech, and impulsive behavior.

<p>The lobe at the anterior part of the brain, associated with movement, speech, and impulsive behavior.</p>
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Parietal lobe

<p></p>
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Temporal lobe

The lobe at the inferior anterior part of the brain, responsible for hearing and language.

<p>The lobe at the inferior anterior part of the brain, responsible for hearing and language.</p>
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Occipital lobe

The lobe at the inferior posterior part of the brain that processes visual information

<p>The lobe at the inferior posterior part of the brain that processes visual information</p>
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Corpus callosum

the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them

<p>the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them</p>
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Cerebellum

"little brain"

<p>"little brain"</p>
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Midbrain

<p></p>
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Pons

A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain

<p>A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain</p>
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Medulla oblongata

<p></p>
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Pyramids

<p></p>
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Olives

Pair of prominent oval structures on either side of the medullary pyramids in the medulla

<p>Pair of prominent oval structures on either side of the medullary pyramids in the medulla</p>
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Olfactory nerve (I)

cranial nerve

<p>cranial nerve</p>
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Optic nerve (II)

cranial nerve

<p>cranial nerve</p>
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Optic chiasm

<p></p>
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Optic tract

<p></p>
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Olfactory bulb

<p></p>
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Olfactory tract

<p></p>
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Oculomotor nerve (III)

cranial nerve

<p>cranial nerve</p>
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Trochlear nerve (IV)

cranial nerve

<p>cranial nerve</p>
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Trigeminal nerve (V)

cranial nerve

<p>cranial nerve</p>
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Abducens nerve (VI)

cranial nerve

<p>cranial nerve</p>
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Facial and Vestibulocochlear nerves (VII and VIII)

cranial nerves

<p>cranial nerves</p>
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Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, and Accessory nerves (IX, X, and XI)

cranial nerves

<p>cranial nerves</p>
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Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

cranial nerve

<p>cranial nerve</p>
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Diencephalon

thalamus and hypothalamus

<p>thalamus and hypothalamus</p>
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Hypothalamus

<p></p>
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Thalamus

<p></p>
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3rd ventricle

<p></p>
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Lateral ventricles

<p></p>
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Cerebral aqueduct

connects the third and fourth ventricles

<p>connects the third and fourth ventricles</p>
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4th ventricle

<p></p>
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septum pellucidum

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choroid plexus

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arbor vitae

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mammillary bodies

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pineal gland

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superior colliculus

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inferior colliculus

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vertebral artery

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basilar artery

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anterior cerebral artery

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middle cerebral artery

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posterior cerebral artery

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posterior communicating artery

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anterior communicating artery

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