[august 2025 mtle] bacteriology motility and microscopic appearance must-knows!

Listeria monocytogenes

tumbling motility

Campylobacter

darting motility

Capnocytophaga

Mycoplasma

gliding motility

Proteus

Bacillus cereus

swarming motility

Treponema pallidium

flexing motility

Leptospira

spinning motility

spirochetes

Corkscrew motility

Bartonella henselae

Kingella

twitching motility

Vibrio spp.

shooting star motility

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Babes-Ernest granules

Corynebacterium diptheriae

metachromatic granules

Yersinia pestis

Bipolar bodies

Yersinia pestis

safety pin appearance

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

much granules

Clostridium tetani

terminal spore

Clostridium tetani

lollipop appearance of spore

Clostridium botulinum

subterminal spore

Clostridium botulinum

snow shoe appearance of spore

Bacillus anthracis

central spore

Bacillus anthracis

box-car appearance of spores

Serratia

bacteria that produces Prodigiosin, which is a red pigment

Chromobacterium violaceum

produces Violecein, a violet pigment

Staphylococcus aureus

produces Lipochrome or Staphyloxanthin, a yellow pigment

Fusobacterium

produces flavin, or a yellow pigment

Pseudomonas

produces pyocyanin (blue), pyoverdin (green), pyorubin (red), pyomelanin (brown) pigments

Yersinia enterocolitica

Listeria monocytogenes

organisms that grow at 0 to 20 degrees Celsius

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Haemophilus influenzae

Neisseria meningitidis

Escherichia coli

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Salmonella typhi

Streptococcus pyogenes

Streptococcus agalactiae

encapsulated bacteria

Staphylococcus epidermidis

which bacteria has the glycocalyx or a slime layer?

Corynebacterium

bacteria with a palisades or chinese letter arrangement

Sarcina

bacteria with a packet of eight appearance

Peptococcus

bacteria in a group of four appearance

Fusobacterium

bacteria with a fusiform morphology

Vibrio spp.

bacteria with a straight rod or angle rigid curve

Spirochetes

bacteria with a flexible helical rod

Helicobacter

Campylobacter

examples of bacteria that are spiral morphologically

Mycobacteria

Nocardia

Legionella micdadei

bacteria that are acid-fast

Mycoplasma

Ureaplasma

cell-wall deficient bacteria

monotrichous

single flagella in one end

Amphitrichous

flagella on both ends

Lophotrichous

multiple flagella on one end

petritrichous

flagella all around the bacterium

atrichous

no flagella

Streptococcus

Lactobacillus

bacterium which undergoes homolactic acid fermentation, which an end product of lactic acid

Propionibacterium acnes/Cutibacterium acnes

bacterium undergoing the propionic acid fermentation

Escherichia coli

Salmonella

Shigella

mixed acid fermentation bacterium

Klebsiella

Enterobacter

Serratia

butanediol fermentation bacterium

Clostridium

Fusobacterium

Eubacterium

butyric acid fermentation bacterium

crystal violet

the primary stain of gram stain

blue/purple

the primary stain of the gram stain colors the bacteria ______?

iodine

the mordant of gram staining is?

crystal violet

the mordant in gram staining fixes what into the cell?

alcohol-acetone

the decolorizer in gram staining is?

decolorization

the most crucial step in gram staining is?

decolorization

this step removes crystal violet from gram negative bacteria

safranin

this is the counterstain in gram staining

pink

red

safranin turns gram negative bacteria into what color?

colorless

alcohol-acetone turns gram negative bacteria into what color?

decolorization

this step determines correct identification through gram stain

blue or purple

color of gram positive bacteria

pink or red

color of gram negative bacteria

staphylococci

gram-positive cocci in grape-like clusters

pyogenic streptococci

gram-positive cocci in pairs and short chains

non-pyogenic streptococci

gram positive cocci in long chains

streptococcus pneumoniae

gram positive lancet-shaped diplococci

Enterococcus spp.

gram positive cocci mostly in chains and pairs

Neisseria spp.

gram negative kidney bean shaped diplococci

Corynebacterium

gram-positive irregularly shaped, pleomorphic

Listeria

Erysipelothrix

gram positive rods

Nocardia

Actinomyces

gram positive branching rods with filaments

Vibrio

gram-negative curved, comma shaped short rods

Campylobacter

gram negative curved, thin, rods that may be S-shaped, seagull shaped or corkscrew shaped

Yersinia pestis

gram-negative rods with bipolar staining or safety pin appearance

Enterics

gram-negative bacilli

Pseudomonas

gram-negative thin bacilli

Haemophilus

gram-negative small bacilli