Chemistry - Chemical Changes - GCSE AQA - REACTION OF METALS

When metals react with other substances, the metal atoms lose _____ to form positive ____.

electrons , ions

The reactivity series of metals is a chart showing metals in order of __________.

decreasing reactivity

When metals react with oxide they form..

Metal Oxides

The process of metals gaining oxygen is called..

Oxidation

The loss of oxygen is called..

Reduction

Unreactive metals such as gold are found in the Earth's crust as the _____ elements. These are called ____.

uncombined, ores

Aluminium is more reactive than carbon so it must be extracted from its compounds using _____.

electrolysis

Even though aluminium is more abundant than iron in the Earth's crust, aluminium is more expensive than iron. This is mainly because of the large amounts of electrical energy used in the _____ process.

extraction

A more reactive metal can _____ a less reactive metal from its compounds

displace

In an electrolysis cell, electrodes are made of ____.

graphite

Electrodes are made of this because they are a form of carbon with a high ______ ___ and which conducts electricity.

melting point

At the cathode, aluminium ions gain _____ and form aluminium atoms

electrons

At the anode, oxide ions lose electrons and form _______ ___.

oxygen gas

The oxygen reacts with the carbon anodes, forming carbon dioxide. So the anodes are gradually _____. They must be replaced frequently, adding to the cost of producing aluminium.

oxidised

If a metal is less reactive than carbon, it can be extracted from its compounds by heating with _____.

carbon