Ch 11: Eukary (Protozoa)

protozoa

single celled organisms that inhabit water and wet soil

chemoheterotrophs

protozoa are what type of organism?

trophozoite

feeding and growing form in happy conditions (abundant nutrition/ideal conditions)

asexual by fission, budding or schizogony

protozoa reproduction type?

schizogony

multiple fission

several daughter cells are produced

cyst

dormant structure similar to endospore that is formed to survive adverse conditions

mode of motility

the type of protozoa is classified based on

ameba

move using pseudopodia

ciliate

move using numerous cilia

cilia

only in eukaryotes

short hairlike structures

flagellate

move using one or more flagella (long)

ameba

entamoeba histolytica, naegleria fowleri, acanthamoeba

ciliate

paramecium

flagellate

trypanosome, metamonad

apicomplexan

plasmodium, toxoplasma gondii

entamoeba histolytica thru fecal oral route

what causes intestinal amebiasis?

9+2

ciliates have what type of structure?

algae and amebas

ciliates consume what and what are they consumed by?

conjugation

different from bacterial conjugation

exchange of genetic material occurs

pairing, meiosis, exchange, fusion, separation, formation of new macro and micronuclei

order of ciliate conjugation

apicomplexan

obligate parasites of humans and other animals

non motile

malaria and toxoplasmosis

examples of diseases caused by apicomplexans

plasmodium can be transported via mosquito to human to bloodstream

a student argues plasmodium cannot cause widespread infection because it’s classified as non motile. why is this incorrect?

steps of plasmodium life cycle

sexually reproduces in mosquito

mosquito injects sporozoite into host

sporozoite goes thru schizogony in the liver, producing merozoites

merozoites infect red blood cells, forming a sporozoite ring stage inside the cell

red cells rupture and merozoites infect new red blood cells

trypanosome

vector borne parasites