NURS 225: fertility drugs and uterine stimulants

how does clomiphene work?

it blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus and brain, resulting in a false signal of low estrogen levels

how do menotropins work?

they stimulate development of ovarian follicles, leading to ovulation

how does chorionic gonadotropin work?

it causes rupture and ovulation of mature ovarian follicles and maintenance of corpus luteum

what are the fertility drug adverse effects?

tachycardia. hypovolemia. dvt. dizziness. headache. flushing. depression. restlessness. anxiety. nv. bloating. urticaria. ovarian hyperstimulation. multiple pregnancy

what are uterine stimulants indicated for?

promote labor. augment labor progression. postpartum use

what are the uterine stimulants?

oxytocin. prostaglandins. ergot derivatives. progesterone antagonist mifepristone

what is oxytocin indicated for?

used to induce labor at or near full term gestation and to enhance labor when contractions are weak and ineffective. complete an incomplete abortion. postpartum uterine bleeding

how do prostaglandins work?

cause potent contraction of myometrium, smooth muscle fibers of the uterus

what are prostaglandins indicated for?

induces labor by softening the cervix and enhancing uterine muscle tone

what are the prostaglandin drugs?

dinoprostone and misoprostol

how do ergot alkaloids work?

increase force and frequency of uterine contractions

when are ergot alkaloids used?

after delivery of the infant and placenta to prevent postpartum uterine atony and hemorrhage

what is the ergot alkaloid drug?

methylergonovine

how does mifepristone work?

stimulates uterine contractions to induce abortion. also given with a prostaglandin drug for elective abortions

what are the adverse effects of uterine stimulants?

hypotension or hypertension. chest pain. headache. dizziness. fainting. nv. vaginitis. vaginal pain. cramping. leg cramps. chills. fever. blurred vision

what are tocolytics indicated for?

used to stop labor that begins before term to prevent premature birth. usually used after 20 week mark

what are the nonpharmacologic measures for preterm labor management?

bed rest. sedation. hydration

what are the uterine relaxant drugs?

indomethacin and nifedipine

how does nifedipine work?

inhibits myometrial activity by blocking calcium influx