history- everything needed for test

What are the start and end dates of WW1?

1914-1918

Give two reasons why WW1 is known as the Great War

“great” means the enormous scale of the conflict, it lasted over 4 years, and over 17 million soldiers were killed and it had massive impacts on politics and countries all over the world.

Name the two alliances and the countries that were in them

The triple entente: france, britain and russia
The triple alliance: germany, austria hungary and italy

Describe 2 features of the alliance system in Europe before 1914

An alliance system is an agreement for the countries in the alliance to protect each other if one were attacked, this made small wars into bigger wars.

What were the 4 long term causes of WW1?

MAIN: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

What was the name of the German Emperor who began to increase the size of Germany's armed forces?

Kaiser Wilhelm II

What is meant by arms race?

The military and naval competition between Great Britan and Germany

Which country spent the most money on its armed services?

Germany

Why was it important that Britain had the largest navy in 1900?

Because Britain is an island they needed to protect all their boarders

What was the name of the new battleships?

HMS dreadnought

What is the meaning of nationalism?

Feeling pride in your country and being willing to protect it

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

A german war strategy

What was the point of the schlieffen plan?

To avoid a war on two fronts

Name 2 assumptions from the schlieffen plan

The plan assumed the French army was weak and could easily be beaten and that the russian army would be slow (at least 6 weeks) to mobilise

What did the schlieffen plan entail?

to attack France through Belgium

Why did the schlieffen plan fail?

When the germans invaded Belgium, britain stuck by its treaty and declared war on germany

Give two reasons why men volunteered to fight in WW1

Pals battalions - men were encouraged to join with friends so they could serve together which made volunteering more appealing
Nationalism - many felt a strong duty to defend their country

What were the pals battalions

men were encouraged to join with friends, neighbours, or workmates so they could serve together, which made enlisting more appealing

What is conscription?

Compulsory enlistment into the armed forces

What and where is the western front?

A line of trenches that started at the north sea coast of belgium to the swiss alps.

Describe the conditions of the trenches

Conditions in the trenches during World War I were harsh and uncomfortable:

* Very muddy and often flooded, especially in winter
* Hot, dry, and dusty in summer
* Unhygienic and dirty - little opportunity to wash
* Smelly and cramped

Name 4 different weapons used in ww1

Artillery gun, tank, machine gun and gas attacks

Name the famous battle that started on 1st July 1916

Battle of the Somme

Describe two common illnesses experienced by soldiers in ww1

Trench foot - caused by standing in cold, wet conditions for long periods.
Trench fever - spread by lice and caused high fever and pain.

Describe 2 advancements in medicine that were made possible because of experience gained in WW1.

The Thomas Splint - used to keep broken legs still, which greatly reduced deaths from fractures.
Mobile X-ray units - allowed doctors to locate bullets and shrapnel inside the body more accurately before surgery.

What is triage? Why is it important?

Triage: The process of prioritising patients based on how urgently they need medical care.

Importance: It saves lives by ensuring the most critical patients are treated first and helps use limited medical resources efficiently.

Define home front

The people and places in a country not fighting in battle during a war, where civilians support the war effort

Define rationing

A system of limiting the amount of food and goods each person can buy

Define DORA

The Defence of the Realm Act - a law that gave the British government emergency powers during WWI, including control over food, media, and public behaviour

Why was food rationing introduced in Britain in 1917 and 1918?

Food rationing was introduced because German U-boat attacks reduced imports, causing shortages and rising prices, so food could be shared fairly

List 4 jobs women did during WW1

WAAC women's land army auxiliary corps
VAD Voluntary aid detachment nurses
WLA women's land army
Munitions workers

What does VAD stand for?

Voluntary Aid Detachment

WAAC stand for...

Women's army auxiliary corps

Name two ways women's lives improved during the war

They gained more job opportunities
They earned greater respect and recognition for their work

What year did women get to vote?

1918