Augustine's teaching on human nature
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46 Terms
Who developed the Christian teaching on human nature studied in OCR Philosophy?
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Which biblical book heavily influenced Augustine's view of human nature?
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How did Augustine view human nature before the Fall?
Humans were created perfect and in harmony with God.
What does Augustine mean by the Fall?
Humanity's separation from God through Adam and Eve's disobedience.
What caused the Fall according to Augustine?
The misuse of free will.
What is original righteousness?
The state of moral perfection enjoyed by humanity before the Fall.
What is original sin?
The inherited sinful condition resulting from Adam's disobedience.
How is original sin transmitted according to Augustine?
Through natural human reproduction.
What is concupiscence?
The tendency to desire sinful things and turn away from God.
What role does free will play in Augustine's account?
Humans freely chose to disobey God, causing the Fall.
What is the significance of Adam in Augustine's theology?
Adam acted as the representative of all humanity.
What biblical text did Augustine use to support original sin?
:contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2} 5:12.
How did Augustine interpret the story of Adam and Eve?
As a historical event explaining humanity's fallen condition.
What happened to human nature after the Fall?
It became corrupted and inclined towards sin.
Can humans achieve salvation through their own efforts according to Augustine?
No, they require God's grace.
What is divine grace?
God's undeserved help given to humanity.
Why is grace necessary?
Human beings are incapable of overcoming sin by themselves.
What is predestination in Augustine's theology?
The belief that God chooses some people for salvation.
How did Augustine view human freedom after the Fall?
Humans retain free will but are weakened by sin.
What is the relationship between sin and suffering according to Augustine?
Suffering entered the world as a consequence of sin.
How does Augustine explain moral evil?
It results from the misuse of human free will.
How does Augustine explain natural evil?
It is a consequence of the disorder introduced by the Fall.
What is Augustine's Privation Theory of Evil?
Evil is the absence or corruption of good rather than a substance itself.
How does Augustine define evil?
A privation of good.
Why is God not responsible for evil according to Augustine?
God created everything good; evil arises from creatures turning away from God.
What influence did Plato have on Augustine's view of human nature?
The distinction between spiritual perfection and the material world.
What is Augustine's view of the soul?
The soul is superior to the body and oriented towards God.
What is the ultimate purpose of human beings according to Augustine?
To achieve union with God.
What is a strength of Augustine's teaching on human nature?
It explains the universality of moral failure and wrongdoing.
What is a strength of Augustine's teaching on evil?
It preserves God's goodness by defining evil as a privation.
What criticism comes from science?
Evolution challenges the idea of a historical Adam and Eve.
What criticism did Pelagius make?
Humans are capable of choosing good without inherited guilt.
What is Pelagius' view of human nature?
Human beings are born morally neutral rather than sinful.
How does Augustine differ from Pelagius?
Augustine emphasises original sin and grace, whereas Pelagius emphasises moral freedom.
What criticism comes from modern ethics?
It may seem unjust to hold humanity responsible for Adam's sin.
Why is Augustine important for OCR Philosophy?
His teachings underpin discussions of human nature, free will, evil, and salvation.
Augustine's view of evil
Evil is a privation of good.
Augustine's view of human nature
Humanity is fallen and corrupted by original sin.
Augustine's view of salvation
Salvation is only possible through God's grace.
Pelagius' criticism of Augustine
People are born innocent and can choose good without special grace.
Key biblical source for Augustine
Genesis 3 (The Fall).
Key biblical source for original sin
Romans 5:12.
Key term for inherited sinfulness
Original sin.
Key term for disordered desire
Concupiscence.
Key term for God's saving help
Grace.
Key term for choosing some for salvation
Predestination.