Self-Care I Final Exam: Frequency/Dosing/When to Use

Examples of Anesthetics:

Benzocaine, Lidocaine, and Pramoxine

Anesthetic Frequency

Apply sparingly to up to 3-4x/day

Formulations of Anesthetics

• Benzocaine:

• Lidocaine HCl:

• Pramoxine HCl:

Gel, cream, ointment, and spray
Gel, cream, ointment, and spray
Gel, cream, lotion, spray, liquid

Examples of Topical Antiseptics

Hydrogen Peroxide, Ethyl Alcohol, Isopropyl Alcohol, Iodine/Sodium Iodine, Povidone/Iodine, and Camphorated Phenol

ADEs of Topical Antiseptics

• Hydrogen Peroxide:

• Ethyl Alcohol:

• Isopropyl Alcohol:

• Iodine/Sodium Iodine:

• Povidone/Iodine:

• Camphorated Phenol:

Tissue toxicity

Drying of skin and tissue irritation

More drying of skin than ethyl alcohol and cytotoxic/irritating
Skin irritation, allergic sensitization, and may stain skin

Non-irritating (applied to wound beds), short-term thyroid dysfunction or dysplasia with increased absorption

Cytotoxic

Hydrogen Peroxide: do noy apply when _________, _________ may be preferred

Ethyl Alcohol: _________

Isopropyl Alcohol: more _________

Iodine/Sodium Iodine: Do NOT use _________

Povidone/Iodine: _________ and systemic absorption with increasing amount

Camphorated Phenol: _________

gas cannot escape, soap and water

flammable

bactericidal activity and flammable

Lugol’s Solution and avoid dressing

rapid bactericidal activity

oily and avoid dressing

Frequency of Antispetics:

Apply sparingly 1-3x/day PRN to intact skin

Examples of Antibiotics:

Neomycin, Bacitracin Zinc, and Polymyxin B

Dosing and Brand Name of

• Neomycin

  • Dosing:

  • Brand Names:

• Bacitracin Zinc:

  • Dosing:

  • Brand Names:

• Polymyxin B:

  • Dosing:

  • Brand Names:

3.5 mg/g

Neosporin Ointment, Neosporin + Pain Relief Ointment, and Gold Bond First Aid Antibiotic Ointment
400 U/g (Neosporin and Gold Bond) and 500U/g (Polysporin and Betadine)

Same as Neomycin and additionally Polysporin Ointment/Powder and Betadine First Aid Antibiotics + Moisturizer Ointment
5,000 U/g (Neosporin and Gold Bond) and 10,000 (Polysporin and Betadine)

Polysporin Ointment/Powder and Betadine First Aid Antibiotics + Moisturizer Ointment Ingredients:

Polymyxin B, Bacitracin Zinc, Neomycin, and Pramoxine HCl (10mg/g)

Topical Antibiotic Frequency:

apply sparingly 1-3x/day

KNOW IMAGE

Which fungal infections can Butenafine, Terbinafine, Tolnaftate, and Clotrimazole/Miconazole be used to treat?

Tinea pedis, cruris, and corporis

Dosing and Frequency of Butenafine:

• Tinea Pedis:

• Tinea Cruris:

• Tinea Corporis:

BID x 1 week (not that effective) or QD x 4 weeks (more effective)

QD x 2 weeks

QD x 2 weeks

Dosing and Frequency of Terbinafine:

• Tinea Pedis:

• Tinea Cruris:

• Tinea Corporis:

BID for 1-2 weeks, Between toes x 1 week and Bottom/Sides x 2 weeks

QD x 1 week

QD x 1 week

Dosing and Frequency of Tolnaftate:

• Tinea Pedis:

• Tinea Cruris:

• Tinea Corporis:

BID x 4-6 weeks

BID x 2 weeks

BID x 4-6 weeks

__________ can be used QD for PPX after infection (the only OTC) and has delayed hypersensitivity

Tolnaftate

Dosing and Frequency of Clotrimazole/Miconazole:

• Tinea Pedis:

• Tinea Cruris:

• Tinea Corporis:

BID x 4 weeks

BID x 2 weeks

BID x 4 weeks

How long should you use Salts of Aluminum?

1 week

Which fungal infection medications can be used in pregnant women? Which one is FDA approved?

Clotrimazole (FDA approved)/Miconazole

How long can these medications be used for?

• Clotrimazole:

• Miconazole:

• Tioconazole:

3 days or 7 days

1 day, 3 days, or 7 days

1 day

What are the brand name(s)?

• Clotrimazole:

• Miconazole:

• Tioconazole:

Gyne-Lotrimin

Monistat

Vagistat or Monistat

Clotrimazole (Dosage Form/Frequency):

• 3-Day:

• 7-Day

Cream BID PRN

Cream BID PRN or Tablet (combo)

Miconazole (Dosage Form/Frequency):

• 1-Day:

• 3-Day:

• 7-Day:

Cream BID PRN or Suppository (1200 mg)

Cream BID PRN

Cream BID PRN or Suppository (100 mg)

Tioconazole (Dosage Form/Frequency):

• 1-Day:

Ointment (6.5%)

All creams for VVC treatments are 2%, EXCEPT:

7-Day Gyne-Lotrimin (1%) and 3-Day Monistat

DDI with warfarin → increased risk of _______ (increases _______)

bleeding, warfarin

Other VVC treatments

• Benzocaine/resorcinol → _______

• Boric acid capsules/ointment → ____Candida albicans + Compounded

• Gentian violet → _______ Candida organisms + _______

• Hydrocortisone 1% → _______

• Povidone/iodine 0.3% → _______

• Cornstarch, aloe, mineral oil → May be helpful for _______

• Yogurt

Analgesia and Pruritis

Non-

Resistant and will stain

Anti-inflammatory and Pruritis

Antiseptic

Discharge and Pruritis

Least sedating Medications for Allergies:

INCS such as Fluticasone (Flonase/Flonase Sensimist), Budesonide (Rhinocort), Triamcinolone (Nasacort Allergy 24HR), and Mometasone (Nasonex)

Moderately sedating Medications for Allergies:

Loratidine (Claritin), Fexofenadine (Allegra), Levocetirizine (Xyzal), and Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Juices and citrus products will decrease the efficacy of ______ allergy medication.

Fexofenadine (Allegra)

Most sedating Medications for Allergies:

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Doxylamine (Unisom), Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), and Brompheniramine (Dimetapp)

Fluticasone Furoate/FF (Flonase Sensimist) Dosage:

12 y/o and older: 2 sprays in each nostril BID (1st week) and 1-2 sprays in each nostril QD (Week 2+)

2-11 y/o: 1 spray in each nostril QD

Fluticasone Propionate/FP (Flonase/Allergy Relief) Dosage:

12 y/o and older: 2 sprays in each nostril BID (1st week) and 1-2 sprays in each nostril QD (Week 2+)

4-11 y/o: 1 spray in each nostril QD

Budesonide (Rhinocort) Dosage:

12 y/o and older: 2 sprays in each nostril QD

6-11 y/o: 1 spray in each nostril QD

Triamcinolone (Nasacort Allergy 24HR) Dosage:

12 y/o and older: 2 sprays in each nostril QD

2-11 y/o: 1 spray in each nostril QD

Mometasone (Nasonex) Dosage:

12 y/o and older: 1-2 sprays in each nostril QD

Doxylamine (Unisom) Dosing/Frequency:

12 y/o and older: 7.5-12.5 mg q4-6h

6-12 y/o: 3.75-6.25 mg q4-6h

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Dosing/Frequency:

12 y/o and older: 25-50 mg q4-6h

6-12 y/o: 12.5-25 mg q4-6h

Fexofenadine (Allegra) Dosing/Frequency:

12 y/o and older: 60 mg BID OR 190 mg QD

2-12 y/o: 30 mg BID

Take ______ with water and avoid concurrent aluminum and magnesium products

Fexofenadine (Allegra)

Loratidine (Claritin) Dosing/Frequency:

6 y/o and older: 10 mg QD

2-6 y/o: 5 mg QD

Brompheniramine (Dimetapp) and Chlorpheniramine Maleate (Chlor-Trimeton) Dosing/Frequency:

12 y/o and older: 4 mg q4-6h

6-12 y/o: 2 mg q4-6h

2-6 y/o: 1 mg q4-6h

Cetirizine (Zyrtec) Dosing/Frequency:

12 y/o and older: 10 mg QD

6-12 y/o: 5-10 mg QD

2-6 y/o: 2.5-5.0 mg QD

Levocetirizine (Xyzal) Dosing/Frequency:

12 y/o and older: 5 mg QD

6-12 y/o: 2.5 mg QD

6 mo.-6 y/o: 1.25 mg QD

Contraindication for ________: end stage renal disease, hemodialysis, children with renal impairment

Levocetirizine (Xyzal)

INCS → _______

2nd Gen AH → _______

1st Gen AH → _______

Intranasal decongestants → _______ (varies), BUT → only _______ max

Cromolyn → _______ (annoying → low adherence) 

QD
QD

q4-6h

BID

3-5 days

3-6x/day

Ketotifen Fumarate (OTC) Dosing/Frequency

1 drop in each affected eye BID

Pheniramine + Naphazoline (Combo) Dosing/Frequency

1-2 drops into affected eyes QID (4x)

Olopatadine (Prescription / OTC depending on formulation) Dosing/Frequency

0.2% and 0.7%: One drop in each eye QD

0.1%: One drop in each eye BID dosing

Ketotifen Fumarate (OTC) Used for:

Mild-to-Moderate Allergic Conjunctivitis for 3 y/o or older

Pheniramine + Naphazoline (Combo) Used for:

Allergic Conjunctivitis for 3 y/o or older

Olopatadine (Prescription / OTC depending on formulation) Used for:

Allergic Conjunctivitis for 2 y/o or older

Ketotifen Fumarate (OTC) SEs:

headache, blurred vision, change in taste, and eye irritation

Pheniramine + Naphazoline (Combo) SEs:

blurred vision and eye irritation

Olopatadine (Prescription / OTC depending on formulation) SEs:

headache, blurred vision, change in taste, and eye irritation

Mild intermittent or episodic —> 1st line treatment is:

AH or AH + Decongestant