Neurones + synaptic transmission: nervous system

Cell body: contains n... + genetic info

Dendrites: r... electrical impulses

Axon: carries impulse away

Myelin sheath: fatty i... layer speeds transmission

Nodes of Ranvier: gaps speed up transmission

Axon terminals: communicate w dendrites of others to form synapse (synaptic transmission)

nucleus, recieves, insulating

Sensory neuron: PNS -> CNS

Carries impulse from sensory r... to b... + s... c...

Convert sensory info (eyes, ears, tongue, skin) into nerve i... + translate them into sensations so we can act accordingly

e.g heat -> pain

(Longer dendrites)

receptors, brain, spinal chord, impulses

Relay neuron:

Allows s... + m... neurons to c...

In brain + spinal chord

(Bigger cell body)

sensory, motor, communicate

Motor neuron: CNS -> effector

Form synapses w muscle fibres

Release neurotransmitters - bind to muscle + triggers r... -> m... movement

(Long axons)

response, muscle

Reflex arc:

rapid, a..., pathway body - bypasses c... part of brain

Protects from harm

automatic, conscious

Reflex arc:

1. Receptor detects s...

2. Sensory neuron carries signal -> spinal chord

3. Relay neuron passes signal on

4. Motor neuron carries signal -> e...

5. Effector produces response

(e.g muscle contraction)

stimulus, effector

Synaptic transmission:

A.. p... reaches p... terminal

V.. release n... into synaptic cleft - diffuses across cleft + binds to r... on p... membrane

Excitatory or inhibitory effect

S... determines in threshold reached

R.... of neurotransmitter into presynaptic neuron

action potential, presynaptic, vesicles, neurotransmitter, receptor, postsynaptic, summation, reuptake

Synaptic transmission:

1. At rest - neuron = n... charged

2. When neuron activated by stimulus, inside becomes p.... charged for a split second (action potential fired)

3. Electrical impulse travels down a... towards axon terminals

4. Needs to turn into chemical signal to pass s... to reach dendrites of next neuron

(electrical impulses cant travel across)

negatively, positively, axon, synapse

Summation: p... + n... charges = summed

N.. charged = established

If doesn't meet t..., action potential not fired

positive, negative, net, threshold

Excitatory: increase p... charge of postsynaptic neuron

Inhibitory: increase n... charge

positive, negative