Machining

What is the common feature of material removal processes??

Removing material from a starting part to reach a desired geometry.

Name the three categories. of material removal processes.

Conventional machining, abrasive processes, and non‑traditional.

What is conventional machining?

Material removal using a sharp cutting tool.

What characterizes abrasive processes?

Material removal by hard, abrasive particles.

How do non‑traditional processes remove material?

By using various energy forms other than a sharp tool.

What is the ‘primary motion’ in machining called??

Cutting speed (𝑣)

What is the ‘secondary motion’ in machining called??

Feed(𝑓)

Why is machining frequent? used for metals?

Because of its versatility in creating many shapes and features.

What are two major disadvantages of machining??

It is wasteful of material and time‑consuming.

Where does machining usually fit in the production sequence??

After casting or forging to provide final dimensions and finish.

What is the definition of turning?

A single point tool removes material from a rotating workpiece.

Which machine tool is used for turning? operations?

An engine lathe.

How is drilling defined?

A rotating tool with two cutting edges creates a round hole.

What is the feed direction?in a drilling operation?

Parallel to the tool’s axis of rotation.

What is the primary motion in a milling operation??

The rotation of the milling cutter.

How does feed motion work in milling??

The work piece is fed past the rotating cutter.

Define peripheral milling.

Tool axis is parallel to the surface being machined.

Define face milling.

Tool axis is perpendicular to the surface being machined.

What is the purpose of the ‘rake face’ on a cutting tool??

To direct the flow of the newly formed chip.

What is the purpose of the ‘flank’ on a cutting tool??

To provide clearance between the tool and the new work surface.

Give an example of a multiple‑cutting‑edge tool.

Adrill bit or a milling cutter.

What are the three dimensions of a machining process??

Cutting speed (𝑣), feed (𝑓), and depth of cut (𝑑).

What is the formula for Material Removal Rate(𝑀𝑅𝑅)?

𝑀𝑅𝑅=𝑣⋅𝑓⋅𝑑

What is the main goal of a roughing cut?

To remove large amounts of material quickly.

What are the typical settings for a roughing cut?

High feeds and depths, lowcutting speeds.

What is the main goal of a finishing cut??

To achieve final dimensions, tolerances, and surface finish.

What are the typical settings for a finishing cut?

Low feeds and depths,high cutting speeds.

What three functions does a machine tool perform?

Holds work, positions the tool, and provides power.

What is a machining center?

An automated machine capable of performing multiple CNC operations..

What does CNC stand for in machining??

Computer Numerical Control