unit 8 world voc.

Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and the Ottoman Empire (the Central Powers)

Allied Powers

France, Britain, Russia (dropped out), and the U.S

Council of 4

France, Great Britain, Italy, US) met in Paris to decide what post-WWI Europe will look like.

Italy was ignored

Germany was not there

League of Nations

was created by the diplomats in Paris

Countries would meet to solve the problems of the world diplomatically

Rather than having another world war.

The precursor to the U.N.

War Guilt Clause

Germany was blamed for the whole war

Demiliarzation

Taking away Germany's army

Decolonization

German colonies given independence or run by the Big Four

Reoarations

Germany had to pay the cost of the war. (almost $500 billion)

M.A.N.I.A

Militarism

Alliances

Nationalism

Imperialism

Assassination

Triple Entente

France, Britain, Russia (dropped out), and the U.S (allied powers)

The Balkans

were "the powder keg of Europe" due to competing, nationalist/ imperialist interests

Archduke Ferdinand

who was assassinated, and the reason for WW1 starting

The Black Hand

An ultra-nationalist Serb group that killed Archduke Ferdinand

July Ultimatum

Austria-Hungary issued a list of ten demands to Serbia that had to be followed, so war was declared

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and the Ottoman Empire

Schlieffen Plan

Used an old plan from the Bismarck days to combat their problem

Mobilize and swiftly defeat France. Then remobilize to face Russia.

It did not work bc it took them too long to get through Belgium, France made trenches, and it will be a long war

Trench Warfare

When the war was fought in trenches

War of attrition

WWI became a conflict not won by battles, but by wearing down the enemy to the point of collapse

Western Front

Germany vs. France and Great Britain

Eastern Front

Germany vs. Russia

No Man's Land

the stretch of land between the trenches of the opposing side

The area between opposing trenches

Conscription

citizens draft

Going over the top

going over the trench into no man's land to fight the enemy and see where they are located

Trench foot

an infection of the feet caused by cold, wet, and insanitary conditions of soldiers not being able to take off their socks and boots

New technology

machine guns, grenades, poison gas, gas masks, biplanes, German U-boats, tanks

Unrestricted sub war

After the sinking of the British and French liners, the Germans promised they would not sink unarmed ships without warning

Zimmerman Telegram

sent by Germany to Mexico, but was intercepted and decoded by the British

It stated that Germany would again begin unrestricted warfare

Even worse, it proposed an alliance with Germany and Mexico

Germany promised land back to Mexico

Propaganda

Governments used posters and media to build support through ____

Armistice

Fighting stopped on November 11, 1918, with the signing of the _____

Fourteen Points

President Wilson's plan for peace

Believed that it would establish a lasting peace for Europe

Treaty of Versailles

was a compromise that satisfied no one — too harsh to be accepted, too lenient to be permanent

he old empires were gone. New nations emerged from the wreckage — Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and the Baltic states — while Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire were dismembered.

Self-determination

Application of Wilson's concept of____

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