Key Historical Empires and Their Impacts
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30 Terms
Alexander the Great
Conqueror of one of history's largest empires.
Extent of Empire
Alexander the Great Spanned Greece, Egypt, Persia, and India.
Military Genius
Alexander the Great never lost a battle; innovative tactics used.
Hellenism
Cultural blend of Greek, Egyptian, Persian, Indian.
Library of Alexandria
Famous center of learning in ancient Egypt.
Legacy of Alexander
Spread Greek culture across three continents.
Wars of the Diadochi
Power struggles after Alexander's death among generals.
Roman Republic
Government system before the Roman Empire (509-27 BCE).
Consuls
Two elected leaders in Roman Republic.
Senate
Advisory body of wealthy aristocrats in Rome.
Twelve Tables
First codification of Roman laws for citizens.
Struggle of the Orders
Conflict between patricians and plebeians in Rome.
Pax Romana
200 years of stability and prosperity in Rome.
Edict of Milan
313 CE decree ending Christian persecution.
Justinian Code
Organized compilation of Roman laws by Justinian.
Hagia Sophia
Architectural marvel rebuilt under Justinian.
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
Christianity branch split from Roman Catholicism.
Kievan Rus
Early state founded by Vikings and Slavs.
Christianization of Rus
Prince Vladimir I converted to Orthodox Christianity.
Golden Age of Kievan Rus
Period of law codification and alliances.
Islamic Five Pillars
Core practices: faith, prayer, charity, fasting, pilgrimage.
Umayyad Caliphate
Expanded Islamic empire from Spain to India.
Abbasid Caliphate
Golden Age of Islamic learning centered in Baghdad.
Tang Dynasty
Period of cultural flourishing in China (618-907).
Song Dynasty
Innovative period known for urbanization and technology.
Feudal Japan
Social hierarchy: emperor, shogun, daimyo, samurai.
Crusades
Religious wars initiated to reclaim Jerusalem.
First Crusade
Successful capture of Jerusalem by Christians.
Fourth Crusade
Crusaders sacked Constantinople, betraying Eastern Christians.
Long-Term Effects of Crusades
Increased trade and heightened Christian-Muslim tensions.