heart anatomy fırst flashcard set

Pericardium Fibrosum

Clinical: Cardiac Tamponade (prevents sudden expansion

Sinus Transversus Pericardii

Clinical: Surgical Access (used to clamp Aorta and Pulmonary Trunk). Landmark: Between great arteries (anterior) and SVC (posterior).

Sinus Obliquus Pericardii (Haller)

Clinical: Infection Sump (blind end where fluid/pus accumulates in pericarditis). Landmark: Behind Left Atrium, between pulmonary veins.

Nervus Phrenicus

Clinical: Referred Pain (pericarditis pain felt in supraclavicular region C3-C5). Landmark: Adjacent to fibrous pericardium on lateral heart faces.

Crista Terminalis

Clinical: Arrhythmia Focus (SA Node sits at upper end). Landmark: Separation line between smooth sinus venarum and rough pectinate muscles.

Triangle of Koch

Clinical: Conduction Block (landmark for AV Node

Trabecula Septomarginalis (Moderator Band)

Clinical: Right Bundle Branch Block (injury disrupts signal to anterior papillary muscle). Landmark: Extends from interventricular septum to anterior papillary muscle.

Conus Arteriosus (Infundibulum)

Clinical: Tetralogy of Fallot (narrowing/stenosis is a primary defect). Landmark: The funnel leading to the Truncus Pulmonalis.

Atrium Sinistrum (Posterior wall)

Clinical: Dysphagia & Mitral Stenosis (enlargement compresses the Esophagus). Landmark: Forms the majority of the Basis Cordis (Base).

Pars Membranacea (Septum)

Clinical: VSD (Ventricular Septal Defect - most common site for a hole). Landmark: Thin, upper fibrous part of the interventricular septum.

Fossa Ovalis (remnant)

Clinical: ASD (Atrial Septal Defect - failure of Septum Primum and Secundum to fuse). Landmark: Located on interatrial septum, visible from Right Atrium.

Ramus Interventricularis Anterior (LAD)

Clinical: MI "Widow Maker" (most common site for occlusion). Landmark: Travels in the Sulcus Interventricularis Anterior.

Ramus Nodi Sinuatrialis

Clinical: SA Node Ischemia (occlusion causes sinus bradycardia). Landmark: Arises from RCA in 65% of cases

Sinus Aortae (Sinus of Valsalva)

Clinical: Aortic Aneurysm (dilations can compress coronary origins). Landmark: Pocket-shaped areas above aortic valve leaflets where coronaries arise.

Ligamentum Arteriosum

Clinical: PDA (Patent Ductus Arteriosus - blood shunts from Aorta to Pulmonary artery). Landmark: Connects Arcus Aortae and A. Pulmonalis Sinistra.

Valvula Venae Cavae Inferioris (Eustachian Valve)

Clinical: Fetal Directional Flow (directs O2-rich blood to Foramen Ovale). Landmark: Located at entrance of IVC in the Right Atrium.