T3: Integumentary System

What are the 6 functions of the skin?

protection, thermoregulation, excretion, provide sensory info, synthesis of vitamin D3 and lipid reserves, and coordinate immune response in the skin

Accessory structures of the skin are located in the __ and include __ __, __ __, and __.

dermis; hair follicles, sweat glands, and nails

What are the 4 elements of the skin?

sebaceous glands, sweat glands/ducts, adipose tissue, and blood vessels

Define keratinocyte

main cell type in the integumentary system (specifically, epidermis); composed of stratified squamous epithelium

Define melanocyte

cell that produces melanin, which presents skin damage by absorbing UV radiation

Skin as you imagine is the __ and __

epidermis and dermis

What are the 3 layers of the integumentary system, in order from most superficial to least?

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

The 5 layers of the epidermis (specific to the palms and soles) are the stratum __, __, __, __, and __ from most superficial to least

corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, germinativum

Callouses form in the __ layer of the epidermis

stratum spinosum

The stratum __ is the keratin layer

granulosum

What are the 3 types of epidermis skin?

thick, thin, keratinized

Thick skin is __ layers and found on the __ and __

5 layers and found on the palms and soles

Thin skin is __ layers and covers most of your body

4

Define the dermal papilla

ridges and bumps from the dermis that extend into the epidermis; produces prints on your soles and palms

Define dermis

layer of blood vessels and nerves; consists of 2 layers: the papillary and reticular layer

Define papillary layer (part of dermis)

most superficial, made of loose CT proper, contains capillaries and nerve endings

Define reticular layer (part of dermis)

made of sense irregular CT proper, contains accessory structures and collagen fibers

Define hypodermis

subcutaneous fat; innermost layer that separates the skin from the internal organs made from loose CT proper

What layer of the skin contains adipose tissue?

hypodermis

Define superficial fascia

superficial adipose layers (in the hypodermis)

The root hair plexus is a __ __ that senses movement of the hair

nerve ending

Horripilation is--

goosebumps; contraction of the Arrector Pili muscle in response to fear or cold

Hair follicles extend into the __, sometimes into the __

dermis, sometimes into the hypodermis

Sweat glands are controlled by the __ __ __

autonomic nervous system

True/False: sweat glands are activated selectively

false; activated all at once

Sweat release is predominately __, but __ sweat glands do exist in the armpit and groin area

merocrine; apocrine

Sebaceous glands secrete __, an oil secretion that feeds into where hair follicles are

sebum

Define nail body

covers the top of fingers and toes along with the nail bed

Define nail root

where nail production occurs

Define lunula

right where the nail contacts the skin; where blood vessels are obscured

__ cancer does not get worse (curable) while __ cancer gets progressively worse

Benign; malignant

Basal cell carcinoma (malignant) results from--

UV exposure