Names of Disease Organisms

Acne:

Propionibacterium acne

Dermatitis:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSS):

S. Aureus (Exfoliative toxin)

Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS):

S. Aureus (TSST-1 toxin)

Impetigo (Streptococcus)

Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS)

GAS Necrotizing fasciitis:

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SPE A), Streptolysin O (SLO)

GAS Toxic Shock Syndrome

Toxemia with SPE A superantigen

Cutaneous Anthrax

Bacillus anthracis

Measles (Rubeola)

Measles virus

Rubella (German measles)

Rubella virus

Roseola

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)

Chickenpox (varicella)

Varicella-zoster virus

Shingles (Zoster)

Varicella-zoster virus

Fifth disease

Parvovirus B19

Cold sores and Cutaneous Herpes

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1 of HSV-2)

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)

Coxsackievirus 16

Warts:

Human Papillomavirus Virus (HPV)

Ringworm (Tinea)

dermatophytes

candidiasis

Candida albicans

Leishmaniasis

Leishmania species (protozoan parasite)

Hookworm

Ancylostoma duodenale (helminth)

Scabies

Mites (sarcoptes scabiei)

Lice (Pediculosis)

Pediculus humanus capitis

Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)

Infection of conjunctiva (could be viral, bacterial)

Ophthalmia neonatorum

Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachtomatis

Trachoma

Chlamydia trachtomatis

Keratitis

HSV-1

Ocular Histoplasmosis

Fungus (histoplasmosis capsulatum) in contaminated soil

Otitis externa

Bacterial, fungal, or viral cause. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus sp., S. aureus, Candida sp.

Otitis media

Commonly Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae

Otitis interna

Usually viral

Burn wounds

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Surgical Site Infections (SSIs)

Usually patient's normal flora (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli)

Gas Gangrene

Clostridium perfringens

S. Aureus on Cardio/lymph system

Sepsis and Endocarditis

Staphylococcus epidermis on Cardio/lymph system

Sepsis

Viridans Streptococci on Cardio/lymph system

Endocarditis

Enterococcus sp. on Cardio/lymph system

Sepsis and endocarditis

Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) on Cardio/lymph system

Sepsis

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B strep) on Cardio/lymph system

Sepsis of newborns

Gram negative endotoxic shock

LPS endotoxin

Gram positive endotoxic shock

LTA endotoxin

Plague

Yersinia Pestis (can cause sepsis)

Brucellosis

Brucella sp. (can cause sepsis)

Tularemia

Francisella tularensis

Lyme disease

Borrelia burgdorferi

Rocky mountain spotted fever

Rickettsia rickettsii

Infectious mononucleosis (mono)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) - Herpesvirus

Burkitt Lymphoma

Complication of EBV: Cancer of B cells

Hemorrhagic fever

Ebola , Yellow fever, Dengue, Lassa, Hendra and Nipah viruses

Acute retroviral syndrome and AIDS

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - Retrovirus (RT)

Fungal infections associated with AIDS

Cryptococcus, Candidiasis, Pneumocystis, Histoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasma gondii

Malaria

Plasmodium sp. (Protozoan)

Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)

Trypanosoma cruzi (flagellated protozoan)

Meningitis

Caused by many microbes, Bacteria most serious

Bacterial causes of meningitis

Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes

Neonatal meningitis

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B strep), E. coli and other gut microbes, Listeria monocytogenes

Tetanus

Clostridium tetani

Botulism:

Clostridium botlulinum

Hansen Disease (Leprosy)

Mycobacterium leprae

Poliomyelitis (Polio)

Poliovirus

Acute Flaccid myelitis

other enteroviruses

Rabies

Rabies virus

Viral encephalitis

HSV-1/2, Varicella-Zoster virus, West Nile virus

Microcephaly

Zika Virus (part of congenital Zika syndrome)

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

associated with Zika, Epstein-barr virus, Influenza virus

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcus neoformans (fungus)

Neurocysticercosis

Taenia solium (tapeworm)

Amebic meningoencephalitis

Naegleria Fowleri

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

prions

Sinusitis

common cold, Haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus

Pharyngitis

Common cold/flu, Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS - Strep throat)

Tonsilitis

common cold/flu, Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS), Streptococcus pneumoniae

Epiglottitis

Haemophilus influenzae

Laryngitis

common cold/flu, Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Candida sp.

Strep Throat

Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS)

Rheumatic fever (Strep Sequelae)

M protein autoreactive antibodies

Scarlet fever (strep sequelae)

Toxemia (erythrogenic toxin)

Diphtheria

corynebacterium diphtheriae

Common cold:

Rhinovirus, Coronaviruses (also adenoviruses, Coxsackieviruses, RSV)

Normal Skin (and eye) Flora

•dermidis

•Corynebacterium diphtheriae

•Propionibacterium acne

•Candida sp. (fungus)

•Staphylococcus aureus

What about viruses and parasites?

•These are normal flora too, we just don’t know as much about them

URT Normal Flora

•Streptococci

−a-hemolytic viridans group

•Staphylococcus epidermidis

•Staphylococcus aureus

25-30% nasal carriage

•Corynebacterium diphtheriae

•Yeast -Candida albicans

•Pathogens (low numbers)

•Streptococcus pneumoniae 

•Haemophilus sp.

•Neisseria meningitidis

•Streptococcus pyogenes (carriers)

S. Aureus

• Normal flora

• Scalded skin syndrome (Exfoliative toxin)

• Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSST-1 toxin)

  • Can cause Sepsis and Endocarditis of Cardio/Lymph system

Streptococcus Pyogenes

GAS:

• Impetigo

• Necrotizing fasiitis (SPE A, SLO)

• Toxic Shock Syndrome (Toxemia with SPE A supernantigen)

• Pharyngitis

• Tonsilitis

• Laryngitis

• Strep Throat (rheumatic fever, scarlet fever)

Haemophilus Influenzae

• Otitis media

• Bacterial meningitis

• Sinusitis

• Epiglottitis

Candida sp.

• Laryngitis

• Otitis externa