reproduce system drugs

Female reproductive drugs

Ethinyl estradiol + drospirenonce, Estrogen HRT, Estrogen + Progesterone HRT, Leuprolide, Medroxyprogesterone, Clomiphene, hCG, Cabergoline, Oxytocin, Methylergonovine, Dinoprostone, Terbutaline, Betamethasone, Magnesium Sulfate

“I stop the egg”

Therapeutic effect: Supresses FSH + LH → NO ovulation

Adverse effects: THROMBOEMBOLISM⚠, HTN, hyperkalemia, Uterine bleeding, breast cancer risk

Interactions: MANY drugs/herbs decreases effectiveness (pregnancy risk)

Precaution: TERATOGENIC⚠

Nursing implications: Monitor BP + clot signs (ACHES: Abdominal, Chest, Head, Eye, Leg)

Ethinyl Estradiol + Drospirenone (OCP)

“I ease menopause but I am a HUGE clot risk!”

Therapeutic effects: relieves menopausal symptoms

Adverse effects: THROMBOEMBOLISM⚠, HTN, nausea, endometrial hyperplasia

Precautions: short term use ONLY

Nursing implications: monitor for bleeding + clots

Estrogen HRT (Premarin, Estradiol)

“I protect the uterus but increase breast cancer risk :(“

Therapeutic effect: lowers endometrial cancer risk

Adverse effects: same as estrogen + breakthrough bleeding

Precautions: increases breast cancer risk

Nursing implications: monitor bleeding patterns

Estrogen + Progesterone HRT

“lowers hormones long-term”

Therapeutic effect: lowers LH/FSH which lowers estrogen (treats endometriosis)

Adverse effects: MENOPAUSAL symptoms, OSTEOPOROSIS ⚠\

Precautions: limit use to or less than 6 months

Nursing implications: recommend Vit B6 + E for hot flashes

Leuprolide (GnRH Agonist)

“I protect the uterus but I bleed weird 🥴”

Therapeutic effect: treats endometrial disorders

Adverse effects: THROMBOEMBOLISM⚠, breast cancer risk, edema, breakthrough bleeding

Precautions: TERATOGENIC

Nursing implications: monitor bleeding + clot risk

Medroxyprogesterone (Progesterone)

“I make you ovulate 😌… a little too much👀”

Therapeutic effect: Stimulates FSH/LH → ovulation

Adverse effects: Ovarian Hyperstumulation Syndrome⚠, multiple births 🫄👶👶+, visual issues 👀❌

Precautions: TERATOGENIC!!

Nursing implications: give on day 5 of cycle

Clomiphene

“I trigger ovulation”

Therapeutic effect: triggers ovulation

Adverse effects: OHSS!⚠, ovarian cyst rupture

Nursing implications: confirm follicle maturity via ultrasound FIRST

hCG (Ovulation stimulant)

“I cut the breast milk hormone 🍼✂”

Therapeutic effect: lowers prolactin which restores menses

Adverse effects: FIBROSIS⚠(🫀and 🫁), GI, CNS

Nursing implications: monitor prolactin levels and cardiac issues

Cabergoline

“I push the baby OUT🫄👶”

Therapeutic effects: stimulates uterine contractions

Adverse effects: UTERINE RUPTURE⚠, HTN crisis, water intoxication/seizures

Nursing implications: STOP if Hyperstimulation, monitor fetal HR + contractions

Oxytocin

“I end bleeding after birth 🩸❌”

Therapeutic effect: stops postpartum hemorrhage

Adverse effects: HTN CRISIS⚠, CVA, seizures

Precautions: NOT during labor

Nursing implications: monitor BP closely

Methylergonovine

“Opens cervix door 🚪”

Therapeutic effect: cervical ripening

Adverse effects: UTERINE RUPTURE ⚠, amniotic fluid embolism

Nursing implications: continous maternal + fetal monitoring

Dinoprostone

“I terminate contractions”

Therapeutic effect: stops preterm labor (tocolytic)

Adverse effects: TACHYCARDIA⚠, pulmonary edema, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia

Nursing implications: monitor EKG, glucose, and K+

Terbutaline

“baby lungs better 🫁👶😌”

Therapeutic effect: increases lung maturity (increases surfactant)

Adverse effects: hyperglycemia, immunosuppression

Nursing implications: monitor glucose + lungs

Betamethasone

“muscles go calm (no seizures)”

Therapeutic effect: prevents seizures (preeclampsia)

Adverse effects: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION⚠, decreases reflexes, toxicity

Antidote: CALCIUM GLUCONATE

Nursing implications: STOP IF RESPITORY RATE IS <12, monitor DTRs, UO, levels (4-7)

Magnesium Sulfate

Male reproductive drugs

Testosterone, Finasteride, Tamsulosin, Sildenafil

“I’ll turn you into a man♂💪”

Therapeutic effect: treats hypogonadism

Adverse effects: PROSTATE CANCER WORSENING⚠, gynecomastia, edema, hepatotoxicity

Nursing implications: monitor PSA, liver, I&O

Testosterone (Androderm)

“I shrink the prostate 🤏”

Therapeutic effect: decreases dihydrotestosterone, treats benign prostatic hyperplasia

Adverse effects: decreases libido, gynecomastia

Precautions: pregnant women MUST NOT TOUCH

Nursing implications: monitor PSA

Finasteride

“Stiff but BP drops 🍆⬇”

Therapeutic effect: erection (vasodilation)

Adverse effects: PRIAPISM ⚠, hypotension, vision/hearing loss

Interactions: NITRATES = DEADLY HYPOTENSION

Nursing implications: take 1 hr before sex

Sildenafil (Viagra)

Urinary drugs

Oxybutynin, Bethanechol

“holds pee IN”

Therapeutic effects: relaxes bladder which decreases urgency

Adverse effects: ANTICHOLINERGIC EFFECTS (dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision)

Nursing implications: monitor for urinary retention

Oxybutynin (Anticholinergic)

“I help empty the bladder 💧😌”

Therapeutic effect: stimulates bladder contraction which leads to urination

Adverse effects: CHOLINERGIC EFFECTS (salivation, diarrhea, sweating, bradycardia)

Interactions: Cholinesterase inhibitors increases effects

Nursing implications: monitor urine output and heart rate

Bethanechol (Cholinergic)