FLUID/ELECTROLYTE MANAGEMENT PART 3

if magnesium is the electrolyte that stabilizes the membrane, without it what would the membrane be?

excessively relaxed membrane

what electrolyte is needed for cellular functioning?

magnesium

what is the normal level of magnesium?

2 mg/dL (range is 1.6 to 2.2)

hypomagnesemia is classified as being below what value?

below 1.6 mg/dL

nuts, oatmeal, yogurt, & chocolate milk are foods that can help replace which electrolyte?

magnesium

magnesium is looked jointly with what other electrolyte?

calcium

seizures & cardiac arrest are serious complications if this imbalance is left untreated

hypomagnesemia

when magnesium levels are above what level, it is considered to be hypermagnesemia.

above 2.2 mg/dL

what is used for reversal of hypermagnesemia?

calcium gluconate

99% of which electrolyte is found in bones?

calcium

what is the ionized calcium level normally?

~5 mg/dL

what is the total calcium level normally?

~10 mg/dL

total calcium levels are too low (hypocalcemia) in a patient. this means their level is below what?

below 8.2 mg/dL

ionized calcium levels are too low (hypocalcemia) in a patient. this means their level is below what?

below 4.6 mg/dL

BP cuff is tightened. there are spasms in the hand. what is this test called & what does a positive result mean?

Trousseau; hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, & hyperphosphatemia

twitching of the face. what is this test called & what does a positive result mean?

Chvostek; hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, & hyperphosphatemia

True or False: Replacement of calcium with IV fluids is a high alert med.

True

total calcium levels in hypercalcemia are above what?

above 10.2 mg/dL

ionized calcium levels in hypercalcemia are above what?

above 5.3 mg/dL

hydration with what percentage of sodium chloride is used to treat hypercalcemia?

0.9% NaCl

for a patient recovering from this electrolyte imbalance, safe & frequent ambulation and hydration for kidney stones are done

hypercalcemia

phosphorus is found in combination & has an inverse relationship with what other electrolyte?

calcium

what is the normal value of phosphorus?

~4 mg/dL

hypophosphatemia level

below 2.5 mg/dL

True or False: Oral & IV replacement of phosphorus is not high alert.

False

hyperphosphatemia level

above 4.5 mg/dL