motivation & attitudes

intrinsic motivation

doing an activity for its inherent satisfaction, because you want to

extrinsic motivation

doing an activity due to external rewards/pressure, you have to

maslow’s hierarchy of needs

people are more motivated to satisfy lower-level needs first before moving up the hierarchy

maslow’s hierarchy in the workplace

employers should ensure basic needs are met before expecting high performance or creativity

mccelland’s theory of needs

motivation is driven by 3 needs:

-power

-achievement

-affirmation

herzberg’s two-factor theory

hygiene factors- prevent dissatisfaction

motivators- create satisfaction

locke & latham’s goal setting theory

goals must be SMART:

specific

measurable

achievable

relevant

time-bound

job characteristics model (hackman & oldham)

five core job characteristics produce positive psychological states, which lead to greater outcomes

FATTS

feedback- knowledge of results

autonomy- responsibility for work outcomes

task identity

task significance

skill variety- meaningfulness of work

breckler’s 3 components of job attitudes (ABC)

affective- feelings

behavioural

cognitive

meyer & allen’s 3 components of organisational commitment

affective commitment- ‘i want to stay’

continuance commitment- ‘i need to stay’

normative commitment- ‘i ought to stay’

distributive justice

the fairness of outcomes e.g. rewards

procedural justice

the fairness of how decisions of the outcomes were made

growth need strength

an individual's desire for personal learning, accomplishment, and professional development