DH202 M2 Quiz # 1

In which step in the systematic approach to evidence-based dental hygiene practice would you decide whether additional research strategies and information are needed?

A.Evaluate outcomes.

B.Apply evidence.

C.Determine the clinical issue.

D.Conduct a search for evidence.

A.Evaluate outcomes.

Which of the following is true of search engines?

A.Google searches provide only accurate and unbiased sources.

B.PubMed provides access to scholarly articles in biomedical journals.

C.Government agencies and independent organizations cannot be accessed by online search engines

D.Wikipedia is a search engine devoted to a specific professional literaturedatabase.

B.PubMed provides access to scholarly articles in biomedical journals.

Which one of the following online resources is not considered valid and reliable?

A.Online professional journals

B.Dental hygiene comments on blogs

C.Educational websites

D.Government-published guidelines

B.Dental hygiene comments on blogs

What is the first step in the systematic approach to evidence-based dental hygiene practice?

A.Develop a researchable question.

B.Apply evidence.

C.Determine the clinical issue.

D.Evaluate patient outcomes.

C.Determine the clinical issue.

Which of the following is true regarding the need for evidence-based practice?

A.The rate of published research increases yearly.

B.Patients are becoming less sophisticated about searching the Internet for health information.

C.Clinicians are consistently knowledgeable about new therapies.

D.The gap in knowledge of up-to-date care narrows the longer that clinicians have been out of school.

A.The rate of published research increases yearly.

A dental hygienist quickly recognizes that the bleeding from a patient's gums is a symptom of a lack of regular flossing. This determination is an example of which component of the evidence-based decision-making process?

A.Scientific evidence

B.Patient preferences or values

C.Clinician's experience and judgment

D.Clinical/patient circumstances

C.Clinician's experience and judgment

Validity is the ability to measure what was __________.

Intended

The "I" in the acronym PICO (which indicates key parts of a researchable question) stands for which of the following?

A.Intervention

B.Internet

C.Institution

D.Instinct

A.Intervention

Which of the following is not considered an accurate database for locating biomedical information?

A.Medline

B.Cochrane Library

C.ADA's EBD website

D.Wikipedia

D.Wikipedia

You are interested in researching the effects of pregnancy on dental hygiene. Which component of a good, researchable question does the issue of pregnancy relate to?

A.Outcome

B.Intervention

C.Comparison

D.Patient problem or population

D.Patient problem or population

Which type of research looks at the relationship between two or more variables?

A.Descriptive

B.Correlational

C.Experimental

D.Quasi-experimental

B.Correlational

Whether a source provides reference citations is a good indicator of which aspect of content analysis?

A.Accuracy

B.Objectivity

C.Relevancy

D.Quality control

A.Accuracy

Which of the following describes the quantitative research approach?

A.The results are reported using a narrative.

B.It is subjective.

C.It uses numbers only to report demographic information.

D.Data can be counted and analyzed by descriptive or inferential statistics.

D.Data can be counted and analyzed by descriptive or inferential statistics.

Which type of publication is good as a background resource but becomes outdated quickly?

A.Professional journal

B.Textbook

C.Magazine

D.Peer-reviewed publication

B.Textbook

In which step in the systematic approach to evidence-based dental hygiene practice would you evaluate the validity of a study?

A.Evaluate patient outcomes.

B.Apply evidence.

C.Develop a researchable question.

D.Analyze evidence.

D.Analyze evidence.

Who is the founder of dental hygiene?

A.Irene Newman

B.Alfred Fones

C.Jack Orio

D.Christine Nathe

B.Alfred Fones

Which of the following is NOT part of the Research Methodology Analogy?

A.Takes survey/makes observation about a population

B.Conducts literature review

C.Develops research question or hypothesis

D.Determines treatment plan

E.Obtains informed consent

D.Determines treatment plan

Evidence-Based Practice means ________.

A.Using known methods and anecdotes

B.Using known methods with predictable results and scientific method

C.Using known methods with unpredictable results and scientific method.

D.Using known methods with predictable results, anecdotes, and scientific method.

B.Using known methods with predictable results and scientific method

1. Name the problem or questions

2. Form an educated guess (hypothesis) of the cause of the problem and make predictions based on the hypothesis.

3. Test hypothesis by doing an experiment or study ( with proper controls).

4. Check and interpret results.

5. Report results to the scientific community.

Place the Steps of the Scientific Method in the correct order.

Which is NOT an attribute of Scholarly Identity?

A.Gives little regard to the work of other dental hygiene scholars and disciplines

B.Disseminates the findings of one's work through scientific publication

C.Has a sense of dental hygiene discipline as a whole

D.Uses evidence to support one's viewpoint

A.Gives little regard to the work of other dental hygiene scholars and disciplines

The purpose of dental hygiene research is to ________.

A.Establish that anecdotal recommendations are preferred methods of treatment

B.Prove that all patients are universally the same and need the same universaltreatment methods

C.Justify things like making sure plaque is removed prior to fluoride application

D.Establish a scientifically based standard of care for dental hygiene practice

D.Establish a scientifically based standard of care for dental hygiene practice

What is the first step of the scientific method?

A.Form an educated guess (hypothesis)

B.Perform an experiment

C.Name the problem or question

D.Conduct the research

C.Name the problem or question

What is a body of techniques that uses observation, reason, and experimentation to further evidence?

A.Science measurement

B.Scientific method

C.Evidence-based method

D.Retroactive method

E.Both Science measurement and Scientific method

B.Scientific method

Which source provides funding for the educational and research activities of dental hygienists?

A.ADHA Institute of Oral Health

B.Local businesses

C.Chip

D.Medicaid

A.ADHA Institute of Oral Health

Why is dental hygiene research important?

A.To improve the public's oral health

B.To advance and promote the profession of dental hygiene

C.To continue advancing practice

D.All of these

D.All of these

If dental hygiene is to evolve as a specific scientific discipline, ________.

A.Focus must be placed on being a field of study with a discipline interest

B.We must compile information from many disciplines and adapt it for a completedental hygiene base

C.A research base solely generated by the profession must be established

D.We must ensure that all dental hygienists lobby for higher pay and more jobs

C.A research base solely generated by the profession must be established

Evidence-based practice takes into account which preferences?

A.Local government

B.Patient

C.Nonclinical

D.Experimental approaches

E.None of these

B.Patient

Match each step from research methodology in column 2 to the appropriate process from private practice methodology in column 1.

1.Takes survey or makes observations about a population

Identifies chief complaint

2.Conducts literature review

Takes health history

3.Develops research question or hypothesis

Makes diagnosis

4.Writes research proposal

Determines treatment plan

5.Obtains informed consent and research funding

Obtains informed consent for treatment

6. Conducts research

Initiates treatment intervention

7. Analyzes and publishes research results

Recalls or reevaluates patient

According to Darby and Walsh if a dental hygienist sees his or her practice as scientific based, uses prevention strategy, and functions as a co-therapist, he or she is operating according to what conceptual model?

A.Occupational

B.Professional

C.Scientific

D.Research

B.Professional

All of the following is private practice methodology except ________.

A.Identifies chief complain

B.Makes diagnosis

C.Makes observations

D.Imitates treatment intervention

C.Makes observations

What type of publication is good as a background resources but becomes outdated quickly?

A) Peer-reviewed publication

B) Textbook

C) Professional journal

D) Magazine

B) Textbook

Which of the following is true regarding the need for evidence-based practice?

A) The gap in knowledge of up-to-date care narrows the longer that clinicians have been out of school.

B) The rate of published research increases yearly.

C) Patients are becoming less sophisticated about searching the Internet for health information.

D) Clinicians are consistently knowledgeable about new therapies

B) The rate of published research increases yearly.

Whether a source provides reference citations is a good indicator of which aspect of content analysis?

Accuracy

Which of the following is NOT considered an accurate database for locating biomedical information?

Wikipedia

Mr. Synder is a 40-year-old construction worker who is new to the dental practice. In your initial assessment of Mr. Snyder, you note some blackened, stained, and rotting teeth, symptoms that you have heard are associated with drug abuse. You have no experience in working with such cases, and you decide that you would like to conduct some research to learn about which drugs, if any, lead to such symptoms, how the drug affects the teeth, and what kind of treatment options are available for the patient.

Which of the following best summarizes your research question?

A) Is my patient a drug abuser?

B) What causes teeth to become blackened, stained, or rotten?

C) Abuse of which drug leads to blackened, stained, and rotting teeth, and what treatment options are available for such a patient?

D) Does marijuana use lead to increased risk for cardiovascular disease?

C) Abuse of which drug leads to blackened, stained, and rotting teeth, and what treatment options are available for such a patient?

A dental hygienist quickly recognizes that the bleeding from a patient's gums is a symptom of a lack of regular flossing. This determination is an example of which component of the evidence-based decision-making process?

A) Patient preferences or values

B) Clinical/patient circumstances

C) Clinician's experience and judgment

D) Scientific evidence

C) Clinician's experience and judgement

In which step in the systematic approach to evidence-based dental hygiene practice would you evaluate the validity of a study?

A) Apply evidence

B) Analyze evidence

C) Evaluate patient outcomes

D) Develop a researchable question.

B) Analyze evidence

Mr. Synder is a 40-year-old construction worker who is new to the dental practice. In your initial assessment of Mr. Snyder, you note some blackened, stained, and rotting teeth, symptoms that you have heard are associated with drug abuse. You have no experience in working with such cases, and you decide that you would like to conduct some research to learn about which drugs, if any, lead to such symptoms, how the drug affects the teeth, and what kind of treatment options are available for the patient.

Which of the following would not be required to conduct the study?

A) To have provided the patient with a statement of possible benefits and/or risks of the study

B) A release from the patient allowing you to publicize his name in connection with the study results

C) Approval by an institutional review board

D) A written consent form signed by the patient

B) A release from the patient allowing you to publicize his name in connection with the study results

Which of the following is true of search engines?

A) Google searches provide only accurate and unbiased sources.

B) PubMed provides access to scholarly articles in biomedical journals.

C) Wikipedia is a search engine devoted to a specific professional literature database.

D) Government agencies and independent organizations cannot be accessed by online search engines.

B) PubMed provides access to scholarly articles in biomedical journals.

Which one of the following online resources is not considered valid and reliable?

A) Government-published guidelines

B) Dental hygiene comments on blogs

C) Educational websites

D) Online professional journals

B) Dental hygiene comments on blogs

Validity is the ability to measure what was _____.

intended

Mr. Synder is a 40-year-old construction worker who is new to the dental practice. In your initial assessment of Mr. Snyder, you note some blackened, stained, and rotting teeth, symptoms that you have heard are associated with drug abuse. You have no experience in working with such cases, and you decide that you would like to conduct some research to learn about which drugs, if any, lead to such symptoms, how the drug affects the teeth, and what kind of treatment options are available for the patient. In conducting your research, which type of research would be best to consult to determine the effects of drug abuse overtime on a group of research subjects?

A) Animal and in vitro research

B) Systematic review

C) Cohort study

D) Editorial

C) Cohort Study

Which of the following describes the quantitative research approach?

Data can be counted and analyzed by descriptive or inferential statistics.

The "I" in the acronym PICO (which indicates key parts of a researchable question) stands for which of the following?

A) Instinct

B) Internet

C) Institution

D) Intervention

D) Intervention

Which type of research looks at the relationship between two or more variables?

A) Quasi-experimental

B) Experimental

C) Descriptive

D) Correlational

D) Correlational

Quantitative research design comes in what types?

A) statistical and observational

B) experimental and nonexperimental

C) representative sample and census

D) interview, survey, and observational

B) experimental and nonexperimental

Quantitative research data is represented how?

A) chronologically

B) descriptively

C) numerically

D) organically

C) Numerically

What does it mean to operationalize a concept?

A) define a directly observable construct of the concept

B) measure the effect of study variables

C) show how the concept relates to the research question

D) summarize sources that have used the concept

A) Define a directly observable construct of the concept

The initial questions in an interview should be designed to do what?

A) establish the subject's suitability for the study

B) establish rapport with the subject

C) establish the boundaries for responses

D) establish the interviewer's credentials

B) establish rapport with the subject

For what type of research are structured interviews likely to be preferred?

A) longitudinal studies

B) studies involving sensitive topics

C) studies with small subgroups

D) attitudinal studies

A) longitudinal studies

Which of the following is an advantage of case study research?

A) suitability to large study populations

B) enables "close reading" of social life

C) high degree of reliability

D) minimal training needed to conduct

B) enables "close reading" of social life

In mixed methods research, what is a strand?

A) the components specific to one of the methods used

B) a hypothesis independent of the methods

C) a correlation found across methods

D) a variable targeted for triangulation

A) the components specific to one of the methods used

In addition to timing, what are the two other key dimensions in mixed method design?

A) duration and sample selection

B) explanatory and convergent analysis

C) correlation and triangulation

D) priority and level of interaction

D) priority and level of interaction

If a mixed methods design first collects qualitative data and then collects quantitative data, what is the name of the design type?

A) convergent

B) exploratory

C) embedded

D) explanatory

B) exploratory

You are interested in researching the effects of pregnancy on dental hygiene. Which component of a good, researchable question does the issue of pregnancy relate to?

A) Outcome

B) Intervention

C) Patient problem or population

D) Comparison

C) Patient problem or population

In which step in the systematic approach to evidence-based dental hygiene practice would you decide whether additional research strategies and information are needed?

A) Conduct a search for evidence

B) Determine the clinical issue

C) Evaluate outcomes

D) Apply evidence.

C) Evaluate outcomes

Mr. Synder is a 40-year-old construction worker who is new to the dental practice. In your initial assessment of Mr. Snyder, you note some blackened, stained, and rotting teeth, symptoms that you have heard are associated with drug abuse. You have no experience in working with such cases, and you decide that you would like to conduct some research to learn about which drugs, if any, lead to such symptoms, how the drug affects the teeth, and what kind of treatment options are available for the patient.

Which of the following should be the patient population that you target in your research?

A) Construction workers

B) Alcoholics

C) Drug abusers

D) Drug abusers presenting with blackened, stained, or rotting teeth

D) Drug abusers presenting with blackened, stained, or rotting teeth

Mr. Synder is a 40-year-old construction worker who is new to the dental practice. In your initial assessment of Mr. Snyder, you note some blackened, stained, and rotting teeth, symptoms that you have heard are associated with drug abuse. You have no experience in working with such cases, and you decide that you would like to conduct some research to learn about which drugs, if any, lead to such symptoms, how the drug affects the teeth, and what kind of treatment options are available for the patient.

Which resource would be the best for finding authoritative information on this case?

A) A state government's website on drug abuse

B) A dental journal

C) Wikipedia

D) A dental hygiene textbook

B) A dental journal