PSY C10

Positive Symptoms

Symptoms of mental disorders that involve the presence of unusual behaviors or thoughts, such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized behavior/thinking.

Negative Symptoms

Symptoms of mental disorders characterized by deficits in behavior, social contact, and withdrawal, often seen in schizophrenia and other psychotic illnesses.

Bipolar Disorder

A mental disorder characterized by alternating episodes of mania (elevated mood) and depression.

Unipolar Mood Disorders

Mental disorders like major depressive episodes and persistent depressive disorder characterized by a single emotional state, typically depression.

Stigmatization of the Mentally Ill

The long-standing belief that individuals with mental illness are more prone to violent behavior, perpetuated by literature, media, folklore, and common perceptions.

Johnnie Baxstrom Case

A legal case in 1966 where Johnnie Baxstrom challenged his civil commitment due to a mental disorder, leading to the release of institutionalized mentally ill patients.

Relationship Paradigms

Monahan's paradigms for studying the relationship between violence and mental disorder:crime among the disordered and disorder among the criminally active.

Base Rates of Violence

Rates of violence and general criminality in psychiatric populations compared to non-psychiatric controls, as studied by Hodgins and others.

Psychosis and Violence

The association between psychosis and violence, with psychosis serving a focusing and disinhibiting role in violent behavior.

Predictors of Recidivism

Factors like mental disorder symptomatology, general criminogenic needs, and personality traits that predict reoffending among mental health correctional populations.

Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD)

A legal defense used to argue a lack of criminal responsibility due to a mental disorder or impairment at the time of the crime, resulting in an acquittal.

Mens Rea

Also known as "guilty mind," it refers to criminal intent, which must be established for a person to be found guilty of a crime.

Actus Reus

Known as the "guilty act," it represents the criminal behavior itself, and if not performed, the individual cannot be held culpable.

Causation

The concept that one's actions directly caused the offense to occur, and without this causal link, one cannot be held criminally responsible.

Insanity Defense

A defense strategy arguing a lack of criminal responsibility due to a mental disorder at the time of the crime, leading to an NCRMD verdict.

Stigma

Refers to stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination towards individuals with mental illness, resulting in unfair treatment and inadequate opportunities.

Substance Misuse

A problematic pattern of substance consumption leading to negative consequences, often linked to criminal behavior.

Delusions

Erroneous fixed beliefs that are not amenable to change, often associated with psychotic disorders like schizophrenia.

Dual Diagnosis

The co-occurrence of a substance use disorder with another mental health condition.

Mental Health Courts

Diversionary courts providing legal oversight and support for individuals with mental illness in conflict with the justice system, aiming to reduce recidivism.

Correctional mental health treatment programs

Programs designed to address mental health issues among incarcerated individuals.

Recidivism

The tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend.

CLCO program

A specific correctional mental health treatment program aimed at improving mental health symptomatology, interpersonal functioning, and reactive criminal thinking.

Meta-analysis

A statistical technique for combining the findings from independent studies to determine the overall effectiveness of a treatment or intervention.