Tubular Transport
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51 Terms
Filtered load equation
Px x GFR
Excretion rate equation
Ux x Volume
How to calculate fractional excretion
100 x (ux x V)/(Px x GFR)
What happens in transcellular
Passive diffusion or active transport
What happens in paracellular
Diffusion and solvent drag
How is water transported
osmosis between tubular cells
How does water transport happen?
Peritubular capillaries through ultrafiltration
What drives ultrafiltration
high peritubular capillary oncotic pressure
What is required to move sodium via transcellular path
ATP
What does sodium reabsorption cause indirectly
H2O reabs, Cl reabs, urea reabs
What is reabsorbed in PT
Na, Cl, HCO3, K, H2O, Gluxose, Amino acids
What are secreted by PT
H+, organic acids, bases
What is the primary site of angII
PT
What does ang 2 do
inc Na
What does PTH do
dec Pi
What does FGF23 do
dec Pi
What does calcitriol do
inc Pi
What is falconi syndrome
inability of PT to reabs
Causes of falconi
Expired tetracyclines, lead, ischemia, genetic
What happens to pee falconi
Polyuria, gluc, Pi, and bicarb in urine
Symptoms of falconi
Metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia
How to find Tubular fluid plasma concentration
TF/P
What does TF/P = 1 mean
no reabs or secretion has occured in PT, or water reabs has occured at the same rate as the substance
What does TF/P < 1 mean
More substance reabs than water in PT
Examples of substances that have TF/P < 1
AA, glucose, HCO3
What does TF/P > 1 mean
substance was not reabs more than water, or substance was secreted into the PT
What does glomerutubular balance mean
ability of each successive segment of the PT to reabs a fraction of filtrate
What does the descending loop of henle do
reabs water, secretes urea
What does the thick ascending limb do
Na, Cl, K, Ca, HCO3, Mg2+ reabs, secretes H+
Where does ADH act
thick ascneding tubule
What is bartter syndrome
reabsorptive defect increasing Na, K, Cl in urine
What does Bartter syndrome do
NKCC
What happens in the early distal tubule
Macula densa, impermiable to H2O and water
What is reabsorbed in the EDT
NaCl, Mg and Ca
What hormones act on EDT
PTH and Calcitriol to increase Ca
What impacts water reabs fromLDT and CCT
ADH and aquaporin expression
What happens in the principal cells of LDT/CCT
reabs of NaCl and secretion of K+
What happens in Type A intercalated cells
reans of HCO3, and H+ secretion
What happens in type B intercalated cells
reabs of H+ and HCO3 secretion
What hormones impact LDT and CCT
ADH and aldosterone
What is giteman syndrome
Reabsorbtive defect increased Na Cl loss in urine
What is liddle syncrome
gain of function mutation of epithelia Na channels
What happens in liddle syndrome
hypertension and decreased plasma renin
What does liddle syndrome present with
Similar to hyperaldosteronism, but when measured, no aldosterone
What is the syndrome of apparent minralocorticoid syndrome
Loss of 11B-HSD2 activity, which converts cortisol to cortisone
Symptomes of SAME
hypertension, elevated coritol, decreased plasma renin
Where is SAME and liddle syndrome
late distal tubule and collecting tubule
Where is gitelman syndrome
earlt distal tubule
What does medulalry collecting duct reabsorb
NaCl, water, HCO3, urea sometimes
What is secreated from medullary collecting duct
H+
What controls water and urea reabs in the MCD
ADH