Science Notes

nucleus

organelle that controls all the active of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA

mitosis

cell process in which the nucleus divides to form two nuclei identical to each other and identified to the original nucleus in a series of steps

chromosome

structure in a cell nucleus that contains hereditary material

asexual reproduction

a type or reproduction fission budding a regeneration in which a new organism is produced from one organism and has DNA identical to the parent organism

organisms

any living thing uses energy is made of cells reproduces responds grows and develops

sexual reproduction

a type of reproduction in which two sex cells usually an egg and a sperm join to form a zygote which will develop into a new organism with a unique identity

sperm

haploid sex cell formed in the male reproductive organs

egg

haploid sex cell formed in the female reproductive organs

fertilization

is sexual reproduction the joining of a sperm and an egg

zygote

new diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg will divided by moisies and develop into a new organism

diploid

cell whose similar chromosomes occur in pairs

haploid

cell that has half the number of chromosomes as body cells

meiosis

reproductive process that produces four haploidsex cells from each of the diploid cells and ensures offsprings will have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

heredity

the passing of traits from parent to offspring

DNA

genetic material of all organisms made up of two twisted strands of sugarphosphate molecules and nitrogenous bases

RNA

a type of nucleic acid that carries codes for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes

gene

section of DNA on a chromosome that contains instructions for making specific proteins