unit 6: meiosis ans fertilization

What is a karyotype?

Is an individuals image and complete set of chromosome

What are somatic cells and gametes

Somatic cells make up tissues in the body and are diploid

Gametes are reproductive cells that are haploid

How to tell a karyotype is human

It has 23 paired chromosomes on 46 chromosomes all in all

How is abnormality occur in a karyotype?

They are caused by non-disjunction which occurs when pairs of the homologous chromosome fail to separate during meiosis

What is meiosis?

A cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organs, reducing numbers of chromosome by half (four daughter cells)

How many daughter cells are produced in one round of meiosis

2

Are the cells produced by meiosis haploid or diploid?

Haploid

Are the cells produced by meiosis, identical or unique?

Unique

Where in the body does meiosis occur?

Ovaries and testis the reproductive organs

What is crossing over and why is it a good thing?

It’s when the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes result in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring. It’s a good thing to store a gene variability in sexual reproduction organisms

How does crossing over lead to genetic variation in a persons, GAMETES?

Each gamete contains a different set of DNA. This produces a unique combination of genes in the resulting zygote. This happens in prophase one

How does independent assortment lead to genetic variation in a person’s gametes?

when the male and female gamete meet, each results of an immense number of genetic possibilities created during independent assortment and crossing over

How does random fertilization lead to genetic variation in a couples offspring?

The basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child genes are made up of sequence of DNA and our arranged one after another at specific locations on chromosomes in the nucleus of cells