Fluid Management & Blood Products

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to fluid management and blood products.

Osmolality

Measurement of solute vs solvent.

Osmosis

Movement of liquids across a semi-permeable membrane.

Semi-Permeable Membrane

A membrane that allows a solvent to pass through it but not a solute.

Solute

A particle, such as a salt.

Solution

A mixture of solute and solvent.

Solvent

A liquid, such as water.

Tonicity

A measure of osmotic pressure between solutions.

Intracellular Fluid

Fluid located inside cells, constituting 40% of body weight.

Extracellular Fluid

Fluid located outside cells, constituting 20% of body weight, including blood and interstitial fluid.

Hypertonic Solution

A solution with high solute and low solvent, causing osmotic flow out of the cell.

Isotonic Solution

A solution with equal solute and solvent, resulting in no osmotic flow.

Hypotonic Solution

A solution with low solute and high solvent, causing osmotic flow into the cell.

Crystalloids

Liquid solutions containing mineral salts and/or water-soluble molecules.

Colloids

Solutions with larger molecules used to expand plasma.

Dehydration

Excessive fluid loss leading to various symptoms such as thirst and dry mouth.

Whole Blood

Contains clotting factors, RBCs, WBCs, plasma, platelets, and proteins.

Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC)

Component of whole blood, primarily containing red blood cells.

Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)

Component of blood containing coagulation factors.

Albumin

A protein that increases fluid volume using oncotic pressure.

Type O Blood

Universal donor type with no antigens present.

Type AB+ Blood

Universal recipient type with both A and B antigens present.

Transfusion Reaction

Adverse response to blood transfusion, potentially causing symptoms like fever and skin rash.

Hypovolemia

A condition of decreased blood volume, often requiring fluid intervention.

Fluid Overload

Condition of excess extracellular fluid accumulating, leading to symptoms like edema.

Vascular Irritant

A substance that can cause irritation to blood vessels.

Acidosis

A condition characterized by an excess of acid in the body fluids.

Fluid Management

The process of balancing fluid intake and loss to maintain normal body function.

Blood Administration

The careful process of delivering blood products to patients.