BIMM 121 Exam 3 Review

fungi from bread and beer

yeast: saccharomyces cerevisiae

fungi from cheese

penicillium

antibiotic fungi

penicillin

pathogenic fungi

Candida sp. – yeast infection

pathogenic protozoa

Toxoplasma → from cats, bad for pregnant women

Plasmodium → malaria (blood-borne disease)

Giardia → diarrhea

Cryptosporidium → diarrhea 

Amoeba → dysentery (bloody diarrhea)

Trichomonas → STI

volvox, algae, colonial

rotifer, animal

euglena, algae

amoeba, protozoa

paramecium, protozoa

tardigrade, animal

daphnia, animal

red tide, lingulodinium polyedra, dinoflagellate

bacillus: gram, shape, arrangement, fact

gram +, rods, singular, bacillus subtilis can produce endospores

staphylococcus: gram, shape, arrangement, fact

gram +, round, clusters, staphylococcus epidermidis is used as a gram + control

lactobacillus: gram, shape, arrangement, fact

gram +, rods, short chains/pairs, found in yogurt

lactococcus: gram, shape, arrangement, fact

gram +, round, individual/short chains, in yogurt

rhodospirillum: gram, shape, arrangement, fact

gram -, spirillum, individual, very motile

pseudomonas: gram, shape, arrangement, fact

gram -, rod, individual, used in our biofilm experiment

pathogenic bacteria

diplococci: gonorrhea

spirilla: syphilis

bacillus: tetanus
streptococcus: strep throat
curved rods: cholera

what is cyanobacteria?

• type of photogenic bacteria (not algae)

• pioneer of photosynthesis

• “blue-green algae”

• nitrogen fixing bacteria: anabaena

  • vegetative cells are small

  • heterocysts are thick and fix nitrogen

types of pathogenic endospore-producing bacteria

• Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)

• Clostridium tetanus (tetanus)

• Clostridium botulinum (botulism, used to be a disease from improperly canned food)

pathogenic bacteria: diplococcus

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea)

pathogenic bacteria: spirilla

Treponema pallidum: syphilis

pathogenic bacteria: bacillus

Clostridium tetani (tetanus)

pathogenic bacteria: streptococcus

Streptococcus pyrogenes (strep throat)

pathogenic bacteria: vibrio

Vibrio cholerae (cholera)