Transformation in Chemistry: Reversible Reactions and Dynamic Equilibrium

This set covers the fundamental vocabulary of chemical transformations, specifically focusing on the differences between reversible and irreversible reactions and the mechanics of dynamic equilibrium.

Irreversible Reaction

A chemical reaction that goes in one direction, represented by the notation $A + B \rightarrow \text{Products}$.

Reversible Reaction

A reaction that can go both forward and backward, represented as $A + B \rightleftharpoons C + D$.

Dynamic Equilibrium

A state in a closed system where the forward and backward reaction rates are equal, resulting in no apparent change.

Conditions for Reversal: Temperature

Some chemical reactions may reverse if there is a lower temperature.

Conditions for Reversal: Pressure

A factor that particularly affects reactions involving gases, potentially allowing them to go backward.

Conditions for Reversal: Remove Product

An action that shifts equilibrium back toward the reactants in a reversible reaction.

Closed System

The specific environment required for a reversible reaction to reach a state of dynamic equilibrium.

Concentrations at Equilibrium

These stay constant because the forward and backward reactions happen at equal rates.

Equilibrium Graph (Rate of Reaction)

A visual representation showing the forward reaction rate decreasing and the reverse reaction rate increasing until they meet at equilibrium over time.