Social Studies final - chapter 1

Primary Source

info that comes directly from a historical period or event such as diaries, letters, and photographs, providing firsthand accounts of events.

Secondary Source

Interpretations or analyses of primary sources, source that someone didn't witness, second hand, event based on research or told by someone who was NOT there to see it EXAMPLE: textbooks, informational texts, biography, Wikipedia including textbooks and encyclopedias, which help contextualize historical events.

Beringia

The land bridge that connected North America/Alaska and Asia, humans traveled across upon entering North America for the first time. During the ice age and ancient people came across it. The ancient land bridge linked Asia to the Americas because people could now travel across by land. Ancient people were excited because they were able to hunt different types of animals for food and get from Asia to America without having to travel by water.

Agriculture

farming, because people learn to farm, humans are able to settle in one place, leading to increased trade and interaction among groups of people. The practice of farming and cultivating soil to produce crops and raise livestock.

Iroquois Great Law of Peace

Deal that brought long-lasting peace among Iroquois tribes, (unified the six nations of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy - Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, and later, Tuscarora). Its purpose was to unite in the spirit of friendship and peace.

Cultural Diffusion

The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another, often as a result of trade relationship or war. This happened with the Native Americans in agriculture and technology, hunters and gatherers became sedentary and built cities and civilizations, the spread of farming technology like for Maize (corn) and the "three sisters"

Irrigation

Early engineering methods to move water from its original source to where you need it to go. early irrigation systems in North America were great examples of how advanced societies were

Economics

money, business, trade; How people and countries make, trade, and use wealth and resources (like to survive and grow.

Technology

using tools and knowledge to create items to meet people's needs and make society function smoothly , help people solve problems or get work done. Use of scientific knowledge for for practical purposes.

Migration

movement of humans or animals from one place to another

Artifacts

tools, weapons and other objects from the past that people left behind, archeologists use them to learn about historical events and time periods.

Nomads

Groups of people who moved place to place in search of food

Aztecs

incredibly advanced civilization and a big part of history. They used their military to conquer people and land. The Aztec Empire became so large and powerful because their main city, Tenochtitlan, was the center of trade and attracted thousands of people.

Slash and burn agriculture

A traditional farming method used by Native Americans that involves clearing forests , burning it, and planting crops in the nutrient-rich ash

Native American culture

many different groups of people living in many different places led to a wide range of cultural differences among Native Americans. They spoke different languages, were hunters and gatherers, used slash and burn agriculture, they fished and lived off the land, built their own houses, used irrigation and grew "Three Sisters" (corn, beans and squash) they were nomads, made their own tools, calendars and record keeping like hieroglyphics

Hieroglyphics

system of writing that uses symbols and pictures to represent things, ideas, and sounds.

Physical map

maps with land features such as mountains, hills, plateaus

Population map

maps out how many people live and where. Shows where people live in a particular region, country, or across the world.

Historical map

maps out important historical events and time periods. A map that shows information about the past, including what a region looked like, where people traveled, or how borders were drawn during a specific time in history.

Political map

A map that shows the man-made boundaries of countries, states, cities, and territories, rather than natural landforms.

Mexico

The Aztec empire lived in central ___________

Bering Strait

The first Native Americans probably reached North America by crossing ____________

cliff dwellers

The ancestral pueblo were ___________________

hunter-gatherers

The people who lived in Beringia were____________

Mexico

The first native people of the Americas to raise crops, specifically corn, lived seven thousand years ago in _________

Inca

Which early civilization was the largest

They began to build more permanent settlements

What was the result of the indigenous people relying more on agriculture?