every equation for AQA chemistry (apart from transition metals)

ideal gas equation

PV=nRT

sulfur dioxide + sodium hydroxide

SO2 + 2NaOH → Na2SO3 + H2O

sodium sulpite + sulfur dioxide

Na2SO3 + H2O + SO2 → 2NaHSO3

reaction which occurs when removing sulphur dioxide from flue gases in power stations

CaO + SO2 → CaSO3

sodium oxide + chloric (VII) acid

NaOH + HClO4 → NaClO4 + H2O

chlorine oxide + water (reversible reaction)

Cl2O + H2O → HOCl

units for PV=nRT

pressure = pascals, volume = m³, temperature = kelvin

kelvin to celsius

k = c + 273

percentage atom economy

mr of desired product/mr of all reactants x 100

equation relation kinetic energy, mass, velocity

KE =1/2(mv²)

units for KE = 1/2(mv²)

KE = joules, m = kg, v = m/s

calorimetry equation

Q=mc(delta T)

Gibbs Free Energy equation

delta G = delta H - T(delta S)

units for gibbs free energy

delta G = kJ/mol, delta H = kJ/mol, T = kelvin, delta S = J/(Kelvin x mol)

partial pressure for kP equation

mol fraction x total pressure

magnesium oxide + water

MgO(s) + H2O(l) → Mg(OH)2(aq)

aluminium oxide + water

no reaction

phosphorus oxide + water

P4O10(s) + 6H2O(l) → 4H3PO4(aq)

sulfur dioxide + water

SO2(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO3(aq)

sulfur trioxide + water

SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(aq)

iron^(2+) and manganate

5Fe^2+ + MnO4^- + 8H^+ → 5Fe^3+ + Mn^2+ + 4H2O

ethanedioate and manganate

2MnO4^- + 16H^+ + 5C2O4^(2-) → 2Mn^(2+) + 8H2O + 10CO2

colour of Fe2+

green

colour of MnO4-

intense purple

colour of Fe3+

pale violet

colour of Mn2+

pale pink

overall equation for hydrogen oxygen fuel cell

O2(g) + 2H2(g) → 2H2O

the reaction which occurs at the negative electrode of an alkaline hydrogen oxygen fuel cell?

2OH-(aq) + H2(g) → 2H2O(l) + 2e-

what reaction occurs in an alkaline hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell at the positive electrode?

1/2O2(g) + H2O(l) +2e- → 2OH-(aq)

what reaction occurs in an acidic hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell at the negative electrode?

H2(g) → 2H^+(aq) + 2e^-

what reaction occurs in an acidic hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell at the positive electrode?

O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e^- → 2H2O(l)

what reaction occurs in at the positive electrode of a lithium cell?

Li^+ + CoO2 + e^- → Li^+[CoO2]^-

what reaction occurs in at the negative electrode of a lithium cell?

Li → Li+ + e^-

reduction of titanium (IV) chloride using magnesium

TiCl4 + 2Mg → Ti + 2MgCl2

sodium thiosulfate + HCl

Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + S(s) +SO2(g) + H2O(l)

overall reaction between iodide an persulfate ions

S2O8^(2-) + 2I^- → SO4^(2-) + I2

equation for pH using [H+]

pH = -log[H+]

equation for Kw

Kw= [OH^-] [H^+]

equation for pKa using Ka

pKa = - logKa

equation for sodium chloride + sulfuric acid

H2SO4 + NaCl → NaHSO4 + HCl

2 reactions for sodium bromide + H2SO4

NaBr + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HBr. 2HBr + H2SO4 → SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O.

2 reactions for sodium iodide + H2SO4

NaI + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HI. 8HI + H2SO4 → H2S + 4H2O + 4I2

metal oxide + water →

metal hydroxide

metal hydroxide + acid →

salt + water

metal carbonate + acid →

salt + water + carbon dioxide

sodium + oxygen reaction

4Na + O2 → 2Na2O(s)

magnesium + oxygen reaction

2Mg + O2 → 2MgO(s)

aluminium + oxygen reaction

4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3(s)

silicon + oxygen reaction

Si + O2 → SiO2(s)

phosphorus + oxygen reaction

4P + 5O2 → P4O10(s)

sulfur + oxygen reaction (no catalyst)

S + O2 → SO2

sulfur + oxygen reaction with catalyst

2S + 3O2 → 2SO3

sodium oxide + water reaction

Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH

pH of solution formed from sodium oxide in water

14

reaction for aluminium oxide + water

no reaction

reaction for silicon oxide + water

no reaction

pH of solution formed from phosphorus oxide in water

2

reaction for sulfur dioxide + water

SO2 + H2O → H2SO3

pH of solution formed from sulfur dioxide in water

2-3

reaction for sulfur trioxide + water

SO3 + H2O → H2SO4

pH of solution formed from sulfur trioxide in water

0-1

aluminium oxide + hydrochloric acid reaction

Al2O3+ 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O

aluminium oxide + sodium hydroxide reaction

Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O → 2NaAl(OH)4

phosphorus oxide + sodium hydroxide reaction

P4O10 + 12NaOH → 4Na3PO4 + 6H2O

sodium oxide + hydrochloric acid reaction

Na2O + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O

magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid reaction

MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O

silicon dioxide + sodium hydroxide reaction

SiO2 + 2NaOH → Na2SiO3 + H2O

what reaction occurs in the blast furnace extraction of iron

SiO2 + CaO → CaSiO3

sodium hydroxide + chloric acid

NaOH + HClO → NaClO + H2O

vanadium (V) oxide ion + zinc

2VO2^+ + 4H^+ + Zn → 2VO^(2+) + 2H2O + Zn^(2+)

vanadium (IV) oxide ion + zinc

2VO^(2+) + 4H^+ + Zn → 2V^(3+) + Zn^(2+) + H2O

vanadium (III) ion + zinc

2V^(2+) + Zn → 2V^(2+) + Zn^(2+)

overall reaction for the contact process

SO2 + 1/2O2 → SO3

2 reactions for vanadium (V) catalyst in the contact process

SO2 + V2O5 → SO3 + V2O4. 1/2O2 + V2O4 → V2O5.

overall ionic equation for peroxodisulfate ions + iodide ions

S2O8^(2-) + 2I^- → I2 + 2SO4^(2-)

2 reactions for Fe^(2+) as a catalyst for peroxodisulfate ions and iodide ions

S2O8^(2-) + 2Fe^(2+) → 2Fe^(3+) + 2SO4^(2-). 2Fe^(3+) + 2I^- → I2 + 2Fe^(2+)

manganate ions + ethanedioate ions overall equation

2MnO4^- + 8H^+ + 5C2O4^(2-) → 2Mn^(2+) + 4H2O + 10CO2

2 reactions showing autocatalysis of reaction between managanate ions and ethanedioate ions

2MnO4^- + 8H^+ + 4Mn^(2+) → 5Mn^(3+) + 4H2O. 2Mn^(3+) + C2O4^(2-) → 2CO2 + 2Mn^(2+)

overall reaction for ozone depletion

2O3 → 3O2

fermentation reaction

C6H12O6 → C2H5OH + 2CO2

Tollens reagent reaction for positive test

[Al(NH3)2]^+ + e^- → Ag(s) + 2NH3

generation of NO2^+ electrophile

HNO3 + 2H2SO4 → NO2^+ + 2HSO4^- + H3O^+

Rf value

distace travelled by substance/distance travelled by solvent