Introduction to Statistics - Flashcards

A set of practice flashcards covering key concepts from the introduction to statistics lecture notes, including variables, scales of measurement, sampling, and practice problems.

In the described sports psychology study, what is the independent variable?

The program type (new vs none).

In the described study, what is the dependent variable?

Playing ability.

What scale of measurement is a Likert scale?

Ordinal.

The average of 3.5 hours from a sample is an example of a .

Statistic.

Values calculated from population data would be called .

Parameters.

Which of the following is an example of a continuous variable?

The number of minutes it takes to solve a math problem.

Using percentage grades to classify performance uses which scale of measurement?

Ratio.

The number of times a person orders using food delivery apps per week is a variable.

Discrete and ratio.

Wait time before being seen by the triage nurse is measured on what scale of measurement?

Ratio.

The SAT math subtest scores are measured on what scale of measurement?

Interval.

The variable 'Number of lever presses per minute' is categorized as which scale?

Ratio.

The variable 'Order of finish in a marathon' is measured on what scale?

Ordinal.

The variable 'Political party affiliation' is measured on what scale?

Nominal.

In the texting habits problem, what is the population?

Undergraduate students in Canada.

In the texting habits problem, what is the sample?

Group of 100 York University students.

What type of research method was used in the texting habits problem?

Non-experimental.

In Practice Problem 3 (IQ test), what is the population?

All US college students seeking either liberal arts or professional degrees.

In Practice Problem 3 (IQ test), what is the sample?

2,200 US college students from the liberal arts and professional degree groups who participated.

What is the dependent variable in Practice Problem 3?

IQ score (intelligence) as measured by an IQ test.

What is the independent variable in Practice Problem 3?

Degree type (liberal arts vs professional).

What is the scale of measurement for the dependent variable in Practice Problem 3?

Interval.

What is the scale of measurement for the independent variable in Practice Problem 3?

Nominal.

In Practice Problem 4, is this an experimental or non-experimental study?

Experimental.

In Practice Problem 4, what is the independent variable?

Presence of background noise vs silence.

In Practice Problem 4, what is the dependent variable?

Memory recall (number of words recalled).

What is the research question for Practice Problem 4?

Does the presence of background noise while studying negatively influence memory recall?

What is the research hypothesis for Practice Problem 4?

Participants in the background noise condition will recall fewer words than participants in the silent condition.