Nurse Cheung- Comprehensive 2025 ATI TEAS 7 READING STUDY GUIDE

Topic Sentences

First sentence of every paragraph in the TEAS

Main Idea

Last sentence of the first paragraph

Supporting details

Found in the same paragraph as the topic sentence

Summary

The FIRST sentence of the LAST paragraph

Explicit evidence (think “E” in both explicit and expressed)

Information stated clearly, and in detail leaving no room for doubt

Ex: Sign that says "wet paint" tells you the paint is wet

Implicit evidence (Think "I" in both implicit or implied)

Not directly stated, but is implied or suggested

Ex: A bench has a paint can and brush next to it. The bench looks wet, but does not have a wet paint sign on it. You can even infer or imply that the paint is likely wet.

Priorities in Directions (transition words)

Provided in list formats with bullets or number priority

Ex: first, second, third, fourth or first, additionally, next, and finally

Glossary

Alphabetical list of terms

Index

Topics and page numbers in the back of the book

Table of contents

Topics and page numbers in the front of the book

Headings

Title, at the head of a page or a document

Introduces the main topic or theme of the passage

Subheadings

Headings underneath the main heading that provides additional details

Breaks down the main topic into more specific areas or aspects

Sidebars

Short piece of text

Found along side, or in the margins of the main text

underlined, bolded, and italicized text

Line drawn underneath text,

darker and thicker text,

slanted to the right text

Found within the main text

Footnotes

Additional information or citations, found at the bottom of the page

Legends

Explanatory information or key for understanding figures, tables, or Maps

Found below or beside the figure, table or map

Title (of a map)

Description of what the graph is about

Found at the top of the graph for Mac

Labels on the X & Y axis

X-axis: label is located along the horizontal axis at the bottom

Y-axis: label is located along the vertical axis on the side

Scale (map)

Units of measurement in value each increment on the access represents

Found near graph or map

Drawing conclusions

Conclusions reached on the bias of evidence and reasoning

Prior knowledge and text evidence

Missing information (gaps)

Understand the timeline,

identify key events,

look for casual relationships,

detect gaps, by looking for context clues,

evaluate event outcomes

First person point of you

I

Me, My, Mine

We

Us

Our/Ours

Second person point of view

You

Your

Yours

Third person point of view

He/She

It

Him/Her

His/Her

They/Them

Their/Theirs

Bias

Personal opinion, in favor of or against a person or thing

Stereotype

Generalize believe some people have towards a group or class of people

Fact

Information that can be verified

Opinion

Subjective and based on one persons view, emotions or interpretations

Ex: should, best, most, good, better, worst, seems, more

Context clues

Hints a reader can use to discover the meaning of on the familiar words and phrases

Context clues encounters

Definition

Restatement

Contrast

Inference

Definition

Meaning of the word right in the sentence

Restatement

Re-paraphrasing the unknown word to make it clear

Contrast

opposites to contrast the meaning of the word

Inference/ logical conclusion

Conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

Prior knowledge and text evidence

Figurative language

A set of literacy techniques that enhance writing by adding new meaning and context beyond the literal facts

simile example

"Like & As"

Direct comparison between two ideas

Metaphor

"Is & Was"

Comparison that makes an implied or hidden connection between two ideas

Personification

Giving a nonhuman object, human characteristics

Hyperbole

Exaggerated claim that emphasizes a point

Simile example

"Life is like a box of chocolates"

"I came in like a wrecking ball"

Metaphor example

"Love is an open door"

"Life is a highway"

Personification examples

" the sea was angry that day"

" I walk a lonely road"

Hyperbole example

"I would walk 500 miles"

Informative Writing

Facts and information from news articles and encyclopedia

Neutral, facts only NO opinions

Persuasive writing

Convince or persuade the reader

Emotional appeal

Strong opinion

Entertaining writing

Storytelling and engagement

Descriptive Writing

Creating a vivid picture in the reader's mind

Expository writing

Explaining or clarifying ideas like steps in a process or explaining a concept

Theme

A significant concept that is woven throughout a story

Answers questions and offers insights or morals that can be used in real life

Main Idea

What the passage is mostly about

Claim

Main argument, stance, opinion or conclusion on a particular issue or topic

Counterclaim

Statement or argument that challenges, refutes or opposes the initial claim

Primary sources

Credible, direct evidence about

Person

Events

Phenomena

Primary sources examples

Interviews, transcripts, survey results, social media posts

Authoritative

Secondary sources

Created using primary sources to

Analyze

Interpret

Restate

Secondary sources examples

Newspaper articles

Textbooks

Persuasive

Tertiary

Use both primary and secondary sources but does not present any new information

Tertiary examples

Textbooks, abstracts, references, dictionaries, encyclopedia

Rhetorical devices

Designed to help an audience accept your argument

Ethos

Earn the audiences trust in the speaker or writer

Credibility and reliability

Pathos

Taps into the audiences emotions

Emotional connection and empathy

Logos

Engages audiences reasoning and logic

Well-reasoned arguments and logical consistency

Quantitative Research

Can be measured

Expressed by numbers

Larger sample size

Test hypotheses

Quantitative research is used to...

Confirm or test theory or hypothesis

Qualitative research

Cannot be measured

Expressed by words

Smaller sample size

Formulate hypotheses

Qualitative research is used to......

Understand and explore an idea