hde 100c chapter 5

acute conditions

short term conditions

chronic conditions

conditions expected to last one year or longer

Social Determinants of Health

• education access and quality

• Health care access and quality

• Neighborhood and built environment

• Social and community context

• Economic stability

Glomerular filtration rate

how quickly blood is filtered

activities of daily living (ADLs)

measure an individual’s ability to perform six tasks of personal care including bathing, ambulating, getting in and out of bed (transferring), toileting, eating, and dressing (BATTING)

instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)

ability to live independently according to the criteria of preparing meals, managing money, etc

compression of morbidity

illness burden to a society can be reduced if people become disabled closer to the time of their death

four basic categories that increase the chances of an indvidual developing major chronic diseases

• excessive alcohol

• poor nutrition

• lack of activity

• use of tobacco

arteriosclerosis

when arteries become both narrowed and damaged due the accumulation of plaque

atherosclerosis

arteries become severely narrowed, reducing their width, and limiting the circulation of blood

hypertension

suffers from chronic abnormally elevated blood pressure

• blood pressure measures greater than 140 systolic (when the heart beats) and 90 diastolic (when the heart relaxes)

coronary heart disease

caused by buildup of plaque in an artery causing the blood flow to a part of the body to be blocked and this impacts the arteries that feed the heart muscle

myocardial infarction

acute condition in which the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is reduced or blocked

congestive heart failure

heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body’s other organs

cerebrovascular accident (stroke or brain attack)

acute condition where the artery leading to the brain bursts or is clogged by a blood clot or other particles

transient ischemic attack (ministroke)

• same cause as a stroke

• blockage of the artery is temporary

six factors that causer genetic changes resulting in cancer

• heredity

• UV radiation

• chemicals

• viruses

• smoking

• cell dividing

arthritis

general term for conditions affecting joints and surrounding tissues that cause pain, stiffness, swelling in joints and other connective tissue

osteoarthritis

most common form of arthritis in older adults affecting joints in the body

Albumin

a protein in the blood; main function is repair tissue, fight infection, and build muscle

gout

form of arthritis causes pain and swelling due to the buildup of urates in the blood, a residual product excreted from the body through urine

diabetes distress

rage of emotional responses to living with and managing diabetes

chronic kidney disease (CKD)

kidneys become unable to eliminate waste, leading to buildup of toxins in blood over time

nagi abilities

includes abilities related to range of motion and strength

• includes stooping, bending, kneeling

• lifting 10 pounds

• raising arms above shoulder

• walking 2-3 blocks