History Final - Road to the Civil War
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21 Terms
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, a novel that increased Northern opposition to slavery.
Stephen Douglas
Illinois senator who supported popular sovereignty and sponsored the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854 law that allowed settlers in Kansas and Nebraska to decide on slavery through popular sovereignty.
Know-Nothings
Nativist political party that opposed immigration, especially from Ireland and Germany.
Whigs
Political party that opposed Andrew Jackson and supported economic development and a strong Congress.
Free Soil Party
Political party that opposed the expansion of slavery into western territories.
Republican Party
Political party founded in the 1850s that opposed the spread of slavery into new territories.
Bleeding Kansas
Period of violent conflict in Kansas between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers.
New England Emigrant Aid Society
Organization that helped antislavery settlers move to Kansas.
Popular Sovereignty
Principle that voters in a territory should decide whether to allow slavery.
Border Ruffians
Pro-slavery settlers from Missouri who crossed into Kansas to influence elections and intimidate opponents.
John Brown
Radical abolitionist who used violence against supporters of slavery in Kansas and at Harpers Ferry.
Sack of Lawrence
1856 attack by pro-slavery forces on the antislavery town of Lawrence, Kansas.
Pottawatomie Massacre
Killing of five pro-slavery settlers by John Brown and his followers in Kansas.
Charles Sumner
Antislavery senator from Massachusetts who was attacked after criticizing slavery and its supporters.
Preston Brooks
Congressman from South Carolina who caned Charles Sumner on the Senate floor.
Dred Scott
Enslaved man whose Supreme Court case ruled that African Americans were not citizens and could not sue in federal court.
Roger B. Taney
Chief Justice who wrote the majority opinion in the Dred Scott decision.
Abraham Lincoln
Republican leader who opposed the expansion of slavery and became the sixteenth president of the United States.
Freeport Doctrine
Stephen Douglas's argument that territories could effectively exclude slavery by refusing to pass laws protecting it.
Harpers Ferry
Site of John Brown's 1859 raid on a federal arsenal in an attempt to start a slave uprising.