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scented flowers
floral odors / flower scent
floral odors
scent / fragrance
pollinators
biological agents
tác nhân thụ phấn
volatiles
volatile compounds / emitted chemicals
chất bay hơi
physiological functions
biological roles
chức năng sinh lý
immobilize insects
trap / prevent movement
làm côn trùng bất động
fossilized resin
fossilized resin
nhựa hóa thạch
nocturnal blend
night-time mixture
bulwarks
bulwarks
lá chắn, phòng vệ
growth is retarded
growth is slowed
herbivore egg laying
việc sâu hại đẻ trứng
onslaught of hungry herbivores
attack / infestation
đợt tấn công của sinh vật ăn lá
fertilized
pollinated successfully
được thụ tinh
introduced species
non-native species
loài du nhập
inherent limitations
built-in limitations
hạn chế vốn có
floriculture industry
ornamental flower industry
ngành hoa kiểng
ornamentals
decorative plants
below the threshold of detection
too weak to smell/detect