5.4 Physiology / Issues of Aging - Zagar

physiologic changes are common with age but few are due to …

aging itself

what is functional decline

loss of independence in ability to take care of self

is functional decline gradual or abrupt?

gradual

what is first lost when a person is experiencing functional decline?

decreased ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living

examples of instrumental activities of daily living

shopping, housekeeping, prepping meals, handling finances, taking meds

when a person losses ability to do daily living activies, it increases _____

disability

what is the second step/change of functional decline

disability increases, functional decline of activities of daily living further

what are examples of activate lost at the second step of functional decline

personal care activities like bathing and dressing

as disability progresses, there is a decline in _____ which makes a person more vulnerable to ADE

functional organ reserves

functional organ reserves

ability to response to physiological challenges ro stresses

as functional organ reserves decline, it leads to alterations in _____

homeostasis

alterations in homeostasis leads to…

more susceptible to decompensation in stressful situations

what systems of the body are most effected by decreased functional organ nerves and altered homeostatsis?

CV

musculoskeletal

CNS

functional decline leads to a ______ response to drugs

non-predictable

as function declines, the changes affect the response to drugs due to…

changes in PK and PD

which medications lead to altered mental status and decreased ability to interact with others and environment? (contributing to functional decline)

benzos

opioids

anticholinergics

what medications lead to weight loss, undernutrition, and decreased muscle mass?

(contributing to functional decline)

digoxin

SSRIs

metronidazole

drugs that decrease mobility and contribute to functional decline

metoclopramide

antipsychotics

drugs that lead to muscle weakness and contribute to functional decline

steroids

statins

loop diuretics

as we age almost all organs will ____ in mass and _____ in blood flow

decrease

decrease

what type of cognitive abilities increase over time?

crystallized

what type of cognitive abilities decrease over time?

fluid

describe crystallized cognitive ability

vocabulary, accumulated knowledge

when do fluid abilities peak?

mid 20s

fluid abilities slower taper until mid ____ and then steeply decline

mid 60s

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