Contraception: Study guide

1st Generation Progestin

Norethindrone: Well tolerated; may cause spotting.

2nd Generation Progestin

Norgestrel, Levonorgestrel: High androgenic activity, least VTE risk; may improve libido but worsen acne.

3rd Generation Progestin

Norgestimate, Desogestrel: Less androgenic; beneficial for acne; higher VTE risk than 2nd gen.

4th Generation Progestin

Drospirenone: Anti-androgenic; highest VTE risk; good for acne and hirsutism.

Primary Goals of Contraception

1. Prevent unintended pregnancy. 2. Improve pregnancy outcomes (birth spacing, family planning).

Levonorgestrel (Plan B)

Emergency contraception that can be used within 72 hours, efficacy declines with weight >165 lbs or BMI >25 kg/m².

Ulipristal Acetate (Ella)

Emergency contraception effective up to 120 hours; efficacy does not decline within the time window but declines if BMI ≥ 35 kg/m².

Copper IUD

Most effective form of emergency contraception if inserted within 5 days; not influenced by BMI.

Non-hormonal IUD

Paragard (10y), Miudella (3y) - Copper T-IUD, Intrauterine, effective for up to 12 years, prescription by trained professional.

Progestin-only IUD

Mirena (8y), Liletta (8y), Kyleena (5y), Skyla (3y) - Levonorgestrel IUD, Intrauterine, prescription by trained professional.

Progestin-only implant

Nexplanon (3y) - Etonogestrel implant, Subcutaneous, effective every 3 years (up to 5 years), prescription by trained professional.

Progestin-only injection

Depo-Provera; Depo-SubQ Provera 104 - Medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), IM or SC, administered every 3 months (13 weeks), prescription including NH Pharmacist.

CHC Ring

NuvaRing, Annovera - EE + etonogestrel; EE + segesterone, Vaginal use for 21 days in, 7 days out, prescription including NH Pharmacist.

CHC Patch

Xulane, Zafemy; Twirla - EE + norelgestromin; EE + levonorgestrel, Transdermal for weekly use over 21 days, 1 week out, prescription including MA/NH Pharmacist.

CHC Oral Pill (Ortho-Cyclen)

Ortho-Tricyclen (Lo) - EE + Norgestimate, taken daily for 21 days on, 7 placebo, prescription including MA/NH Pharmacist.

CHC Oral Pill (Loestrin)

Loestrin (FE), LoLoestrin FE - EE + Norethindrone acetate, taken daily, prescription including MA/NH Pharmacist.

CHC Oral Pill (Yaz)

Yaz, Yasmin - EE + Drospirenone, Yaz: 24/4; Yasmin: 21/7, prescription including MA/NH Pharmacist.

CHC Oral Pill (Nextstellis)

Nextstellis - Estetrol (E4) + Drospirenone, taken daily (24/4), prescription including MA/NH Pharmacist.

POP (Errin)

Errin, Heather, Micronor - Norethindrone, taken daily continuously, prescription including MA/NH Pharmacist.

POP (Slynd)

Slynd - Drospirenone, taken daily (24/4), prescription including MA/NH Pharmacist.

POP (OPill)

Norgestrel, taken daily continuously, available OTC.

Progestin-only EC

Plan B - Levonorgestrel, taken orally once (ASAP), available OTC.

Progesterone Receptor Modulator

Ella - Ulipristal acetate, taken orally once (ASAP), prescription including MA/NH Pharmacist.

Antiprogestin (Medication Abortion)

Mifeprex - Mifepristone, taken orally once (up to 70 days gestation), prescription.

Prostaglandin (Medication Abortion)

Cytotec - Misoprostol, taken buccally once (24-48 hours post-mifepristone), prescription.