Parasympathetic Nervous System

Acetylcholine

________ secreted into tissue by cholinergic nerve ending.

muscarinic stimulated by reversible

neostigmine

muscarinic stimulated irreversible

organic phosphorus compounds (Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP))

muscarinic blocked by

atropine

Parasympathomimetic drugs

medications that activate the parasympathetic nervous system by mimicking or modifying the effects of acetylcholine

agonist

a drug or substance that binds to a receptor inside a cell or on its surface and causes the same action as the substance that normally binds to the receptor

antagonist

a substance that stops the action or effect of another substance

Distribution of Parasympathetic Nervous System

1. Cranial division
2. Sacral division

Oculomotor nerve (III) arises from:

oculomotor nucleus

Oculomotor nerve (III) relays in:

ciliary ganglion

Oculomotor nerve (III) affects:

* ciliary muscles


* medial rectal muscles
* constrictor pupillae muscle

Facial nerve (VII) arises from:

superior salivary nucleus

Facial nerve (VII) relays in:

sphenopalatine ganglion

Facial nerve (VII) affects:

* tears
* saliva

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) arises from:

inferior salivary nucleus

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) relays in:

otic ganglion

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) affects:

* saliva

Vagus nerve (X) arises from:

dorsal nucleus

Vagus nerve (X) relays in:

terminal ganglion (==no post-ganglionic fibers==)

Vagus nerve (X) affects:

* heart (__ventricles are not supplied__)
* lungs
* gastrointestinal tract

nicotinic stimulated by

small dose of nicotine

nicotinic blocked by

large dose of nicotine

Pelvic splanchnic nerve (nervi erigentes) arises from

lateral horn cells of S2 - S3

Pelvic splanchnic nerve (nervi erigentes) relays in

hypogastric ganglia

Pelvic splanchnic nerve (nervi erigentes) affects

* urinary bladder
* distal 2/3 of large intestine
* male and female sex organs
* blood vessels