GI diseases

Staphylococcal food poisoning

• Sudden vomitting

• 1-6 hour onset

• Cream/mayo foods (potato salad)

• No treatment

Shigellosis

• fever, abdominal cramps, bloody diarhea

• Daycare/fecal-oral spread

• Low ID50

Salmonellosis

• fever, diarrhea, abdominal cramps

• Undercooked Poultry (chickens and eggs), reptiles (snakes and turtles)

• antibiotics but sever cases: quinolones

Typhoid fever

• Rose spots, high fever, abdominal pain, weakness

• Contaminated food/water

• Vaccine = Ty21a or Tybar-TCV or quinolones for treatment

Cholera

• lots of watery diarrhea = severe dehydration (rice water stool)

• No human resivoir or transmission

• Only from contaminated water

Non-Cholera Vibrio

• milder watery diarhea, abdominal cramps, burning in stomach

• Raw oysters, seawater exposure

• No human resivoir

E. Coli Gastroenteritis (ETEC)

• travelers diarrhea, sometimes fever

• Travel + Daycares/nurseries thru fecal oral spread, undercooked food like beef, veggies, milk/juice + petting zoos

Entero-hemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC)

• bloody diarrhea, no fever

• Undercooked beef, raw veggies, unpasteurized milk/juice + daycares (fecal oral)

• HUS risk (severe)

Campylobacter

• Fever, bloody diarhea

• undercooked poultry

• Guillain-Barre

H. Pylori Ulcers

• ulcers, burning stomach pain, urea breath

• Contaminated food water or close contact w infected people to get infection

C. Difficile associated diarrhea

• watery diarrhea, abdominal pain

• Recent antibiotics/hospitilization (Fecal oral)

• Metronidazole and vancomycin (protozoa) + enema fecal transfer

Listeriosis

• fever, gi symptoms, can become meningitis

• Cheeses, deli meats

• Mother to baby transmission (flu like, muscle aches symptoms for pregnancy)

Giardiasis

• prolonged diarrhea that comes and goes, farting sulfur smell, greasy poop that floats

• Stream/lake water + your pets

• Metronidazole (protozoa) + quinacrine (antiprotozal meds)

Cryptosporidosis

• profuse watery diarrhea ( 2 weeks ) (can be fatal)

• Swimming pools/chlorine resistant

• Symptoms last for 2 weeks, can spread for several weeks after diarrhea stops

Cyclospora Diarrhea

• Water diarrhea for a few days

• Imported produce washed in contaminated water

Amoebic Dysentary

• entamoeba histolytica (protozoa: metronidazole)

• Liver abscesses (pockets of pus), bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain

• Travel and contaminated water

Viral Gastroenteritis

• norovirus : Vomitting and diarhea for 2-3 days

• Rotavirus : for one week

• cruises, dorms, nursing homes

Mumps

• swollen parotid glands, face, and jaw, muscle aches, headache

• Droplet transmission thru resp tract

• MMR: vaccine, unvaccinated: risk

Hepatitis

• jaundice and dark urine

• A: contaminated water/shellfish, B: clinical situations, C: no vaccine, D; liver damage, E: pregnant women

• Notable disease

Ergot poisoning

• claviceps purpurea

• Hallucinations, burning in the limbs from restricted blood flow

• Rye grain

Alfatoxin poisoning

• aspergillus flavus

• Liver damage and cancer

• Moldy peanuts/grains