Nazi control

What is a police state?

A system where the police control every aspect of daily life for German citizens

What did the Nazis create through repression?

Gleichschaltung (control and conformity)

Who set up the Gestapo and in what year?

Hermann Goering in 1933

Who led the Gestapo from 1934?

Reynhard Heydrich

Did the Gestapo wear uniforms?

No, they were secret investigators

How many police men were in the Gestapo?

50,000

What did the Gestapo rely on to identify opponents?

Informers

What did the Gestapo do to German citizens?

Spied on them and prosecuted people who spoke against the Nazi regime

What was the punishment for speaking against the Nazi regime?

Torture or being sent to a concentration camp

What did SS stand for?

Protection Squad (bodyguards)

When was the SS set up?

1925

Who led the SS?

Heinrich Himmler

What type of people did the SS recruit?

Aryans

What was expected of SS troops regarding children?

They should have children with Aryan women

How were SS troops different from the SA?

They were highly trained and very disciplined (why Hitler preferred them)

What colour uniforms did the SS wear?

Black

How many full-time employees did the SS have?

90,000

How many informal workers (informants) did the SS have?

200,000

What powers did the SS have?

Search people's property and send them to prison without a trial

What were the SS in charge of?

Germany's police force and the concentration camps

What were the SS in charge of during the Second World War?

The Einsatzgruppen and death camps

What did SD stand for?

Security Service

Who set up the SD and in what year?

Heinrich Himmler in 1931

Who led the SD?

Reynhard Heydrich

What did the SD do?

Spied on Nazi opposition in Germany and in other countries

What were concentration camps used for?

To house Nazi opponents

Why were concentration camps isolated?

So no one could see the bad things that happened in them

Name three types of people sent to concentration camps

Political prisoners, undesirables (prostitutes/homosexuals), ethnic minorities (Jews/Roma)

What happened to most prisoners in concentration camps?

Forced to do hard labour and were ill-treated

What did the Nazis do to trials by jury?

Got rid of them (all decisions rested with the judge alone)

What were all judges forced to join?

The National Socialist League for the Maintenance of the Law

How did judges have to rule?

Always in the Nazis' favour

Why did the German population think the Gestapo and SS were everywhere?

Because the system of repression was very successful

Why was there no dissent among the German people?

Everyone was careful what they said about the Nazis in fear of being heard and reported

Why were German citizens encouraged to spy?

Some were passionate Nazi supporters, others used it for personal agendas like vendettas

How many Germans were paid by the SS for spying?

200,000

What two things worked together to create Gleichschaltung?

Repression (control by force) and propaganda

Which was more important: repression or propaganda?

Repression (control by force)