Buddhism

anatman

Lack of permanent self

anitya

impermanence, everything is changing and impermeant

arhat

individual attainment of nirvana, not Buddhahood, worthy one

Avalokiteshvara

A bodhisattva who embodies the compassion of all Buddhas

Bhikshu

Buddhist monk

Bhikshuni

Buddhist nun

Buddha Nature

Every being has what it takes to be a Buddha

Tathagatagarbha

The embryo of the "Gone-Forth" one, part of buddha nature

Buddhadatu

Buddha Substrate, part of buddha nature

Bodhicitta

The mind of awakening. the desire to achieve Buddhahood in order to help others escape suffering.

Boddhisattva

Someone who is enlightened but stays in samsara to practice bodhicitta.

Dukkha

suffering and discontent

Eightfold Path

In Buddhism, the basic rules of behavior and belief leading to an end of suffering

Eightfold Path Parts

Right understanding, thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, concentration

Right Understanding

understanding Buddha's teachings

Right Thought

Purity of thinking, wholesome state of mind

right speech

use speech in positive way

right action

five precepts, no kill, steal, sexual violence, lie, and drugs/alcohol

right livelihood

make money doing something no-destructive

right effort

Promote good actions and prevent evil actions.

right mindfullness

actively aware of body, thought, and attitudes

right concentration

physical and mental practices help you restrict desire and become mindful

Five precepts of all Buddhist

Do not kill, do not steal, do not do sexual violence, do not lie, do not use drugs/alcohol

Ten precepts of monastics

five precepts and do not eat after midday, do not participate in worldly amusements, do not adorn the body with ornaments or unguents, do not sleep on a high bed, do not handle money

What are the Five Skandhas

form, sensation, perception, mental formation, consciousness

Form

Body of impermanent material

sensation

sensory experience of objects, pleasurable, painful or neutral. Feelings only last a short time, relates to anitya

perception

connect senses and our mind that makes sense of a sensations. Perception is always changing, relates to anitya

mental formations

mental states, conditions, and attitudes that structure the way we interact with the environment. Anitya is every changing stream of thoughts

Consciousness

The sum of our mental formations that condition continued behavior, second order faculty of our awareness of our awareness. Fleeting process, so relates to anitya

Four Noble Truths

life is dukkha, craving is the cause of dukkha, stop craving leads to the cessation of dukkha, stop craving via the eightfold path

Hinayana

Small/lesser vehicle to Mahayana's "Great Vehicle". Teachings of Theravada in path to Nirvana.

Mahayana

Great Vehicle. The continuation of Theravada teachings. Goal is Buddhahood

Mahayana's expansion of Theravada

Addition of Bodhisattvas, celestial Buddhas, Buddha realms, help all living beings escape samsara, cultivating compassion

Nirvana

enlightenment of escape from samsara and suffering

Siddhartha Gautama

Founder of Buddhism

Siddhartha Gautama: Historically

Prince who's mother had a dream of white elephant, he would either be a great king or great ascetic. Father wanted him to be a king so gave him a life of no suffering

Siddhartha Gautama: Four Sights

Old man, sick man, dead man, ascetic

Siddhartha Gautama: Enlightenment

Renounce world and works with other ascetics, starving himself. Sits down at tree until gets enlightenment, Bodi tree

Siddhartha Gautama: Mara

Demon Mara tries to stop Siddhartha Gautama from reaching enlightenment

Siddhartha Gautama: Buddha teacher

Hesitant to teach, "setting in motion/turning the wheel of Dharma" Only speaks true and useful things.

Sunyata

hallow/emptiness. Mahayana concept of all things arise dependently. Destroys dualities. Nothing has form on its own.

Theavada

Way of the Elders, goal is arhat

Theravada: Geography

Southeast Asia

Tripitaka

The three baskets, vinaya pitaka, sutta pitaka, abhidhamma pitaka

Vinaya Pitaka

Rules for monastic life

sutta pitaka

Record of the buddha's sermons and teachings

abhidhamma

philosophical discussion of the Buddhist teachings

Upaya

Skillful means, employing different means of teaching. Only a buddha or bodhisattva can employ upaya.

Lotus Sutra: rich man in a burning house

house on fire, kids wont leave, father gets them out by saying there is a fire and then promising different carts of the kids outside. Ends up giving them all the same but better cart.

rich man in a burning house: theme

all the different carts are like the different vehicles of Buddhism. They are ekayana (one vehicle), practice upaya to get them out by "lying"

Lotus Sutra: Medicinal Herbs

different plants, clouds=Buddha, rain=Dharma, plants get their alottments

medicinal herbs theme

all the plants get different amounts of rain to grow, but they all get what they need. Just like we all get the dharma and teaching we need, not the same amounts.

Lotus Sutra: Phantom City

rough dangerous long road=path towards buddhahood in samsara, treasure at end=buddhahood, leader=buddha, ppl on road=budhisattras, ppl get tired and want to go back, leader creates a city for them to rest=nirvana

phantom city theme

nirvana is just a rest stop to completing Buddhahood. There to ease our minds and make it easier, but it is not real, not the real end. Technically lying by saying nirvana is end, but just a way to help people get to Buddhahood, so upaya

Vajrayana

Diamond/Thunderbolt Vehicle

Vajrayana: Goal

Reach Buddhahood faster

Vajrayana: Expansion on Mahayana

aims to reach Buddhahood through cultivating a visual, aural, and somatic experience as an enlightened Buddha

Abhisheka

Initiation into secret lineage, requires a direct relationship with qualified teacher. texts=tantras, symbolic language.

mantra

oral incantations associated with specific Buddha, sentences that make sense or symbolic

Mudra

Esoteric bodily comportment, hand movements

Mandala

Representations of Buddha realms, sand to show impermanence

Vinaya

the rules of practice and conduct for monks; a section of the Pali canon

Visuddhimagga

The Path of Purification

Visuddhimagga components

morality/shila, concentration/samadhi, wisdom/prajna

morality/shila

right speech, action, livelihood

concentration/samadhi

right mindfulness, effort, concentration

wisdom/prajna

right understanding, thought

Future Buddha

Maitreya

Dipankara Buddha

Buddha of the past, 100000 years

Shakayumi Buddha

The Buddha