HOSA Behavioral Health

What does SAMHSA Stand for

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Why was the SAMHSA created

Improve the quality and availability of prevention, treatment & rehabilitative services to reduce illness, death, disability, and the cost to society resulting from substance abuse & mental disorders.

Define Recovery

is "a process of change through which individuals improve their health and wellness, live a self-directed life, and strive to reach their full potential"

What are the four major dimensions that support a life in Recovery?

Purpose

Community

health

home

Describe the health dimension that supports a life in recovery.

Managing one's symptoms; making informed and healthy choices that support physical and emotional well-being.

Provide an example for health dimension that supports a life in recovery

making informed,healthy choices that support physical and emotional well being such as abstaining from use of alcohol,illicit drugs,and non prescribed medications if one has an addiction problem.

Describe the home dimension that supports a life in recovery

A stable and safe place to live.

Describe the purpose dimension that supports a life in recovery

Meaningful daily activities job, school, volunteerism, family care taking, or creative endeavors and the independence, income and resources to participate in society.

Describe the community dimension that supports a life in recovery

Relationships and social networks that provide support, friendship, love and hope.

What are the 10 guiding principles of recovery?

Hope

self responsibility

holistic

person driven

many pathways

peer support

relational

culture

addresses trauma

strength responsibility

respect

Define Hope

People can and do overcome the internal and external challenges, barriers and obstacles that confront them. Hope is internalized and can be fostered by peers,families,providers,allies, and others. Hope is the catalyst of the recovery process.

Define Person Driven

Self determinations and self direction are the foundations to recovery as Individuals set their own goals and pathways to recovery.in so doing, they are empowered and provided the resources to make informed decisions, initiate recovery,build on their strengths and gain or regain control over their lives.

Define many pathways

Recovery is built on the unique needs and strengths of the individual, individuals recovery is unique

Define holistic

Recovery encompasses mind, body, spirit and community. Making sure they are taking care of themselves.

This includes addressing :self care practices,family,housing.employment,transportation,educations clinical treatment for mental disorders and substance use disorders,services and supports

Define support by peers and allies

Mutual support and mutual aid groups, including the sharing of experiential knowledge and skills,as well as social learning.

define support through relationships and social networks

the presence and involvement of people who believe in the persons ability to recover; who believe in the persons ability to recover; who offer hope, support,and encouragement; and who also suggest strategies and resources for change. Family members,peers,providers,faith groups,community members and other allies form vital support networks.

define how recovery is culturally based and influenced

Services should be sensitive to individual's culture, values, traditions and beliefs to meet peoples unique needs.

define how recovery is supported by addressing trauma

Services should be trauma-informed to foster safety, trust & empowerment. (Physical,sexual abuse, domestic violence etc)

define how recovery involves individuals, family, and community strengths and responsibility

individuals have a personal responsibility for their own self care and journeys of recovery, individuals should be supported in speaking for themselves, join peers to speak collectively about their strengths, needs,wants, desires, and inspirations. Families and significant others have responsibilities to support their loved ones.Communities have a responsibility to provide opportunities and resources to address discrimination and to foster social inclusion and recovery.

define how recovery is based on respect

taking steps towards recovery requires great courage. Individuals need to be respected and assisted in regaining one's belief in self.

What is SX abbreviated for in medical terms?

Symptoms

What is TX abbreviated for in medical terms?

Treatment

National Alliance for the Mentally Ill

NAMI

National Alliance on Mental Illness

NAMI 2005

NAMI major activities

families:

mutual support

sharing information

educating the public

advocating for improved public policy and legislation

new and productive alliances between professionals and families

family representation on the advisory and governance boards of mental health services;

family and consumer input in treatment, rehabilitation, and research;

family groups (including NAMI) active in advocating, sponsoring and raising funds for mental illness research.

History: NAMI founded in 1979

Madison, Wisconsin

NAMI First Meeting

250 people over a weekend

NAMI Founders

governed by and for families and consumers

NAMI within 1st year

NAMI incorporated, achieved nonprofit status, elected board of directors

NAMI Early efforts

making connections with small family support groups that had already been initiated in USA; annual conference begun, newsletter published

NAMI First National office

Washington, D.C.,1982.

began work of trying to influence legislation and policy with congress, the administration, and other key lawmakers

NAMI describes itself

"A grass roots, self-help. support, and advocacy organization of families and friends of people with serious mental illness, and those persons themselves" (NAMI, 1996,1998)

NAMI focus

unfulfilled needs of persons with SPMI

NAMI stigma

parents previously blamed for children's illness. Firsthand experience of social stigma that their children has experienced

NAMI exclusive focus

serious mental illnesses or brain disorders.

members now

140,000 members, 1,100 state, county, local affiliates

Stated Mission

"NAMI is dedicated to the eradication of mental illnesses and to the improvement of the quality of life of all whose lives are affected by these diseases" (NAMI, 2005)

NAMI advocacy

focus on public policy issues

parity for mental disorders in all insurance plans

federal and state, working with legislators to introduce and pass laws that would end the discriminatory treatment of SPMI by insurance plans and companies

NAMI correlation 2004

likelihood and speed of passing insurance parity bill directly correlated to extent of NAMI advocacy in a state

NAMI as of 2006

promotion and dissemination of ACT throughout USA

chapters very supportive of ACT

NAMI other treatment initiative

involuntary outpatient commitment

involuntary outpatient commitment

court-ordered, community based treatment for people who are likely to become a risk by dropping out of treatment or as a result of medication nonadherence

Not all agree, advocates against concerned with civil rights of persons with SPMI and also question efficacy

NAMI "Family to Family"

family-to-family education course

free of charge

intensive weekend training to lead teams

12-week course of education -- two member teams lead

"Family to Family" syllabus

learning about feelings learning about facts

introduction to schizophrenia

Introduction to depression

Basics about the brain

Problem-solving skills workshop

Medication review

"What is it like to be mentally Ill?" empathy workshop

Relative groups and self-care

communication skills

rehabilitation

advocacy

certification and celebration

NAMI provider education program

family members and consumers education helping professionals about the family perspective and experience

"In Our Own Voice"

presentation by consumers about recovery

NAMI broad array

Family-to-Family, provider education, peer-to-peer education

Central Nervous system (CNS)

includes the brain and spinal cord

brainstem

contains midbrain, medulla, and pons

medulla

controls vital body functions ex: heart rate, breathing

pons

control the management of sleep, arousal, facial expression

cerebellum

maintaining balance and motor coordination

cerebellum

contains more neurons than the rest of the brain

midbrain

controls sensory reflexes, movement, pain

reticular formation

controls mood, arousal, sleep; major source of serotonin and norepinephrine

thalamus

controls sensation, memory, states of consciousness; receives sensory input from most systems

basal ganglia

voluntary movement; degeneration in Parkinson's, also involved in OCD and ADHD

hypothalamus

involved w/ motivation and homeostasis; regulates temperature, hunger thirst; directs ANS and endocrine system

hippocampus

formation of long term memories

cingulate cortex

directs ANS; plays role in decision making, emotion, anticipation of reward, empathy

amygdala

fear and aggression

nucleus accumbens

reward and pleasure

corpus callosum

connects hemispheres

cerebral cortex

thin layer of gray matter covering cerebral hemispheres

frontal lobe

primary motor cortex and areas responsible for most complex cognitive processes

Broca's area

speech production in left hemisphere

prefrontal cortex

planning behavior, attention, and judgement

orbitofrontal cortex

emotion, impulse control

occipital lobe

primary visual cortex

temporal lobe

primary auditory cortex

parietal lobe

primary somatosensory cortex (involved in neglect syndrome)

lateralization

localization of function in one of the hemispheres (Ex: language lateralized in the left hemisphere)

Peripheral Nervous System

nerves and ganglia outside the CNS; contains somatic and autonomic nervous systems

somatic nervous system

transmits commands for voluntary movement

autonomic nervous system

controls glands and organs; contains sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

sympathetic nervous system

fight or flight; expenditure of energy

parasympathetic nervous system

rest and digest; storage of energy

enteric nervous system

nerve cells embedded in lining of gastrointestinal system; communicates with endocrine system; source of 95% of boys serotonin

endocrine system

responsible for release of hormones into bloodstream; responses to input from hypothalamus

pineal gland

releases melatonin; maintenance of sleep-wake cycles

pituitary gland

master gland; stimulates activity of other glands

main parts of the neuron

soma (cell body), axons (transmit info), dendrites (receive info)

glial cells

provide structural matrix, clean up debris, form blood-brain barrier

myelin

insulating material covering axons; increase conduction

glial cells

cells that form scar tissue in the brain and spinal cord

young adulthood

The prefrontal cortex in myelinated in

action potential

electrical signal arising in a neurons axon

resting potential

electrical charge across membrane when neuron is not firing

action

The _________ potential is initiated when the membrane is depolarized to threshold

synapse

point of communication between neurons

neurotransmitter

chemical messenger that communicates across a synapse

receptor

where neurotransmitter binds

reuptake

NT reabsorbed by neuron that released it

acetylcholine

NT involved in movement, memory, ANS function

epinephrine

NT involved in arousal

norepinephrine

NT involved in arousal and vigilance; released by SNS; disruptions in PTSD and bipolar disorder

dopamine

NT involved in satisfaction, pleasure, and reward; receptors die in Parkinson's, overactive in Schizophrenia

serotonin

NT involved in mood, appetite, sleep; associated with depression

endorphins

pain; opioid drugs mimic endorphins