epithelial tissue

What is tissue?

A tissue is a collection of specialised cells with a similar structure and function

Where does epithelial tissue lines?

• lines in any surface that is in contact with the external environment

• May also line the surface of internal organs such as the lungs.

What are the two types of epithelial tissue

• squamous epithelium

• Columnar epithelium

The upper airway (trachea and bronchi) is mainly lined with?

• ciliated columnar epithelium cells

What ciliated columnar cells have?

• lots of mitochondria

What does the cilia moves?

• the cilia moves mucus away from the lungs

• Preventing any inhaled particles from causing infection

What does goblet cells produce?

• mucus

what is the shape of squamous epithelium?

• very flat and thin

• with egg shaped nuclei

how thick is it?

• one cell thick

what is the characteristics of squamous epithelium?

• very good for surfaces where diffusion occurs

• like in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

can you explain me the gas exchange process

• in the alveoli in the lungs - oxygen from the air diffuses into the blood in the capillaries which are located around the alveoli.

• carbon dioxide - waste product diffuses from the blood into the alveoli and is breathed out

explain the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

• includes several conditions that affect the lungs

• it is more common in smokers because substances in smoke damage the lungs

what are the two main types of COPD?

• emphysema

• chronic bronchitis

explain what is emphysema

• alveoli in the lungs become damaged, reducing the surface area for gas exchange and causing breathlessness and difficulty breathing

explain what chronic bronchitis is

• chronic bronchitis is long term inflammation of the airway lining

• excess mucus is produces,

• causing severe coughing and breathlessness

suggest a reason that explains why ciliated columnar epithelial cells contain many mitochondria

• ciliated columnar epithelial cells contains many mitochondria this is because it provides energy for moving the mucus away from the lungs