SCI - ENERGY :)
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35 Terms
What is thermal energy also known as?
Heat energy
What is the heat in a substance the measure of?
Kinetic energy
What affects the time it takes for a substance to be heated?
Mass
Heat is directly proportional to what?
Heat is directly proportional to mass
What happens when a substance is heated?
Kinetic energy increases
What is heat?
Heat is a form of energy transferred from one object to another (It is the internal movement of particles using kinetic energy)
What is the initial definition of temperature?
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy or the particles/heat in an substance
What are the levels of kinetic energy in a cold substance as compared to a hot substance?
COLD: Low levels of kinetic energy
HOT: High levels of kinetic energy
What tool is used to measure the temperature of a substance?
A thermometer
Why does a thermometer explode when met with a hot substance?
Kinetic energy in molecules that are passed into the thermometer liquid
How does Mass affect how long it takes for water to boil?
The larger the mass, the longer it takes for heat particles to transfer enough energy to boil the entire substance, compared to a smaller mass.
What tool can be used to heat a substance for experiments?
Electric heater
What is used to measure a quantity of electricity?
Joulemeter
Why do two different substances with the same mass take different amounts of time to heat completely?
Due to how the material absorbs and conducts heat
Law of mass/energy conversation?
Energy and mass can neither be created nor destroyed; they can only be transferred
What does matter contain (In circumstance of this chapter)?
Energy
What happens to energy as chemical bonds break?
Energy is absorbed (or taken in) from the surroundings
What is a Exothermic reaction?
Releases heat into surroundings
What is a endothermic reaction?
Absorbs heat from surroundings
What is heat dissipation?
When heat energy is transferred to surroundings
Examples of heat dissipation?
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
What is conduction material?
Material that allows heat to pass through
What is conduction?
When heat energy is passed from one particle to another
How is heat spread? (metal)
When metal is heated the electrons catch heat energy and pass it onto other electrons and so on.
How is a thermal/electrical conductor formed?
The bonding of atoms that pass on free electron movement.
What is convection?
Heat energy is carried away when particles change position.
What is the cycle process of convection?
Particles get warm (kinetic energy)
They rise up to a cool area
Cool particles take over their empty space and get warm
REPEAT 🔁
What is radiation?
Heat travelling through waves
What temperature should the human body maintain for good health and how does it maintain it after sweating?
37°C is the temperature recommended.
The body evaporates sweat to cool down skin.
What is thermal imaging?
The conversion of infrared radiation to electricity to make images
Who discovered infrared radiation?
William Herschel
Why do greenhouses warm up?
Heat waves trapped by glass
Two uses of thermal imaging?
Building inspection (Insulation) and Inflammation testing
What is infared radiation?
a type of invisible energy that we mostly experience as heat