Manufacturing and Quality Management Concepts

These flashcards cover important terminology and concepts related to manufacturing, labor classification, quality management, and process improvement methodologies.

Direct Labor

Labor that can be directly attributed to the production of goods or services.

Indirect Labor

Labor that supports the production process but is not directly involved.

5S Methodology

A system for organizing spaces so work can be performed efficiently, including steps for sorting, setting in order, shining, standardizing, and sustaining.

Quality Standards

Criteria that must be met to ensure quality consistency and compliance in products and processes.

KPI (Key Performance Indicator)

A measurable value that demonstrates how effectively a company is achieving key business objectives.

Metrics

Standards of measurement used to evaluate performance and guide improvements.

Lean Principles

Approaches focused on reducing waste and improving efficiency throughout an organization.

Cycle Time

The total time required to complete a product from start to finish.

Production Cost Per Unit

The total cost incurred to produce one unit of product, including materials, labor, and overhead.

First Pass Yield

The percentage of products manufactured correctly without rework.

Continuous Improvement

An ongoing effort to enhance products, services, or processes through incremental improvements.

ISO 9001

An international standard that specifies requirements for a quality management system.

Value Stream Mapping

A visual tool used to analyze and design the flow of materials and information required to bring a product or service to a consumer.

Total Quality Management (TQM)

A management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction, involving all employees in improving processes.

Kaizen

A philosophy that focuses on continuous improvement throughout all aspects of life.

Throughput

The total amount of product completed in a set time period.

Production Attainment

A KPI focusing on the percentage of production goals achieved.

Quality Control (QC)

The process of ensuring products meet specified quality standards before reaching the customer.

Quality Assurance (QA)

A means of ensuring that the quality requirements will be fulfilled.

Scrap Rate

A measure of defects produced in manufacturing.

Output per Labor Hour

A metric that indicates the efficiency of labor utilization.

Delivery Performance

A metric used to measure the effectiveness of a supply chain's response to customer demands.

Indirect Costs

Costs that cannot be directly traced to a product or service, often ongoing expenses.

Cleaning (Shine)

The step in the 5S methodology referring to maintaining cleanliness in the workplace.

Organizing (Set in Order)

The 5S step that emphasizes arranging tools and materials for efficiency.

Sustaining

The practice of maintaining improvements made during the 5S process.